Case Study Wilton Petroleum Jelly Essay

If you were Morris, and if Taylor had been a conscientious employee in all other areas, would you still have fired Taylor for committing theft? Why or why not? If I were Morris I would fire Taylor regardless if he might have been a conscientious employee within the organization. Even though Taylor had the proper knowledge, skills, and abilities that are associated for Wilton Petroleum Jelly he had a negative employee personality for the company. The fact that Taylor displayed unethical behavior by stealing gas and a ten dollar hammer he should be terminated. As in most companies there is a policy that states the theft of company property is grounds for dismissal. The behavior of Taylor determined that he could not be trusted in the company as an employee. Furthermore, the duty of a manger is to enforce the policy of the organization in relationship to its corporate culture. In addition, the fact that Taylor was a good employee for the company did not justify the reason that he committed a crime. Fortunately, Taylor should be glad that he got terminated from the company instead of facing fine or possible jail time. Also, the ten dollar hammer that was stolen validated the grounds for termination within the organization. Taylor tried to take the a hammer that was worth 10 dollars so he should be charge for the hammer along with the fees of the amount of gas that he stole from the company. There is no reason for Taylor to continue to work for the organization since he is clearly taking advantage of the company for his own personal gain. Employee theft is a problem in which a business can lose thousands of dollars per year. According to the authors Thomas, Kimberly, Jones, et al (2001) there was a relationship associated with employee theft and turnover rates in the restaurant industry. In some cases employees that were likely to steal, would to steal if they were leaving in two weeks than leave within a year of an organization. Equally important, in a company one of roles of an organizational psychologist is to try to understand employee behaviors. The knowledge of employee behaviors may eliminate employees from stealing in the future. Thus, Morris should discuss the incident about the theft to Taylor to find out the reason why Taylor stole from the company before terminating him. Next, do you think Taylor â€Å"got what was coming to him† in this case, or was he â€Å"set up† by Morris and thus was a victim of entrapment? Even though Morris did set him up within the company it did not excuse the fact that Taylor committed a crime at Wilton Petroleum Jelly. As in most companies the security department and managers are not capable of watching employees all the time. In some circumstances it is the employees that are the ones that report thefts that occur in most organizations. In the business Taylor knew he was committing a crime by stealing the gas in the company. Likewise, Taylor was not aware that he was being set up for entrapment which occurs in most companies, and there are notifications of video surveillance on the premises of organizations. Morris may have had an ulterior motive in which he was trying to get Taylor terminated. Equally important, Taylor was not terminated for taking hundreds of dollars’ worth of gas he was terminated for the theft of a hammer. Further, there is a possibility that Taylor might not have been terminated had he not stolen the hammer. Taylor was a victim of entrapment but that does not validate his actions of company theft. Taylor may want to argue that he was setup by Morris and he might have not stolen the hammer in the first place. The problem that Taylor would have to present would be his explanation for stealing company property on his own defense. In reference to the author Dekker (2004) in order to terminate an employee fairly and employer needs to have substantial evidence against the employee. The used of devices such as cameras, telephone tapping, are substantial for employee termination. There are companies that invest thousands of dollars on security systems to reduce employee theft within their organization. Therefore, even though Taylor was entrapped he still violated company policy be stealing from Wilton Petroleum Jelly. Also, do you think that spying on the employees with peepholes and cameras to detect theft or other crime violates an ethical business principle? Why do you feel as you do? The spying of employees with though there knowledge is an invasion privacy. On the other hand, there are circumstances where it might be necessary in order to capture employees that commit corporate crimes. In a company employees need to be aware that they are observed within the company. The process of using cameras is a good theft deterrent to save company cost and create a safer workplace environment. Further, ethics should be considered where to draw the line as far as employee surveillance. Unfortunately, in society there are many crimes that occur in the workplace that are more serious than employee theft. There are some organizations in which employees are searched when they come to work and before they leave the company. The organization should try to take all measures to prevent crimes from occurring ethically. The ethical business principles should be within the legalities of the law when it comes to video surveillance. An employee should not have to be viewed through peepholes without there knowledge. A policy needs to be developed in which all cases of surveillance are covered so the employee is well aware they are being watched. There are places that employees should never be observed such as in restrooms which would be considered unethical. The authors Crossen (1993) in most companies the solution to unethical behaviors is the monitoring of and searches of employees. The strategy may come at the privacy of the employee. Finally, the observation of employees should be ethical so that the employees’ rights are not violated. Too, what effect might Taylor’s dismissal by the company have on other employees? The effects of Taylor’s dismissals will cause employees to think twice about stealing from the organization. Taylor could be used as an example as to what happens when an employee steals from Wilton Petroleum Jelly. In a sense Morris tried his best to prevent stealing from occurring within the business by reporting the actions that happened. The actions of Morris can create a more ethical business because employees will feel as if their being monitored. Morris was determined to try every way possible to reduce unethical behaviors. There are some companies in which a personality test is given in regards to organizational theft. Unfortunately, there are some employees that have to follow the actions of others within a positive or negative manner. The dismissal of the Taylor would most likely be stated to new hires that they could get caught not matter how hard they try to conceal unethical behavior. According to the authors Victor, Trevino, Shapiro, et al (1993) the reporting of a theft by a peer that may have been associated with organizational responsibility, the interest of group associates, and perceptions of justice. Actual reporting of negative behaviors was more likely to occur when peers with retribution of justice. In conclusion, the example of the employee getting terminated from the company may cause prevention. The employees may feel as if they would get caught since they do not know when their being observed within the business. The example of Taylor is beneficial in the prevention of future employee thefts in Wilton Petroleum Company. References Crossen, B. R. (1993). Managing employee unethical behavior without invading individual privacy. Journal of Business and Psychology, 8(2), 227-243. Dekker, A. (2004). Vices or Devices: Employee Monitoring in the Workplace. S. Afr. Mercantile LJ, 16, 622. Thoms, P., Wolper, P., Scott, K. S., & Jones, D. (2001). The relationship between immediate turnover and employee theft in the restaurant industry. Journal of Business and Psychology, 15(4), 561-577. Victor, B., Trevià ±o, L. K., & Shapiro, D. L. (1993). Peer reporting of unethical behavior: The influence of justice evaluations and social context factors. Journal of Business Ethics, 12(4), 253-263.

Pele

Adrian Corona Speech 101 Pele- Informative Speech Introduction: 1. Attention Getter- â€Å"My father always told me, football is a gift from god, and god gave you this gift, just how he gives a song to a musician, or a singer. So you have to take care of your health, how you prepare yourself, and you always have to respect your opponents, and if you do that you will be a great player and no one will stop you. † This is one famous quote from Pele’s book â€Å"My life, and The Beautiful Game. † 2.Brief Intro- Edison Arantes do Nascimento, more known as Pele was one of, if not the greatest footballer in the world. He was born on October 23, 1940 in Tres Coracoes, Brazil. At only 15, he began to play professional football, and made a huge impact in his team, as well as the national team. Even though Edison was his real name, Pele caught on because it means a miracle in Hebrew. He did not like it at first, but got use to it. He is regarded by many players and fans as the best footballer of all time. 3. Thesis- Today I will talk on behalf how and why Pele is known as the world’s best footballer 4.Preview Statement- First I will talk about Pele’s youth career, next I will talk on behalf of his career stats, and highs, and finally I will talk on how Pele impacted the game in many ways. Body 1. Main Point 1- Pele’s Youth Career A. Pele was first spotted by another football star named Waldemar de Brito. He knew from the beginning that he had an indescribable talent, and had to be signed right away. So Pele began playing for Santos at 15 and his national team at 16, and won his first world cup at 17. a. Even though he had many offer from European clubs, he could not leave Brazil because of the law.He even was declared a national treasure in 1961 by President Janio Quadros of Brazil. b. This made him stay in Santos for almost two decades, but brought much success to the team, as well as for him. (Which I will get into later) c. â⠂¬Å"It seems as if Edison was born with a football. I remember that even before he could walk, he would have a ball with him, and once he could, well that was that. You would always see him playing with his little friends, and what kept him going was not only the love of the game, but looking up to his father†, says his mother in his book â€Å"My Life and the Beautiful Game. Transitional statement- Now I will move on to Pele’s many career stat’s, and all time career highs. Main Point 2- Pele Career Stats and Highs A. Supporting Point- At the end of his career, Pele was known as â€Å"The Black Pearl†, or â€Å"The King Pele†. This name caught on for many reasons. a. Pele was known for his accomplishments and contributions to the game of football. b. For one, Pele has many awards and records. Some of them are: c. In 1999, he was voted Player of the Century by the International Federation of Football.In that same year Pele was elected â€Å"Athlete of the Century† by the â€Å"International Olympic Committee and Reuters News Agency. † d. He was the best well paid athlete of the world for his time. e. He is the most successful league scorer in the world with 541 league goals. In total, he scored 1281 in 1363 matches. f. Won the world cup 3 times (World Record 1958,1962, 1970) g. Won numerous titles with Santos, such as the Copa Libertadores, Intercontinental Cup. (Both in 1962, 1963), Supercopa de Campeones Internacionales (1968), and many, many more. These accomplishments are with Santos only, not the Cosmos) h. He was also one of the best players in the world cups he participated in, receiving the Silver Boot, Silver Ball, and Golden Ball. As well as the all time leading scorer with 77 goals in the national team. i. With a record high of 40 official titles, and a few more runner up titles, Pele without a doubt was considered as the greatest footballer of all time. j. Pele is also acknowledgeable for his vocal su pport of policies to improve conditions for the poor. He even dedicated his 1000th goal to the poor children of Brazil. . Even after retirement, Pele was still around serving as a worldwide ambassador and has taken many roles for participating in FIFA events such as promotions for the world cup. Transitional Statement- After getting some idea of his many accomplishments, I will finally talk about the ways Pele changed the game of Football forever. Main Point 3- The change Pele brought to Football. A. Supporting Point- Pele brought many new ways to play football. a. For one, he was one of the first to do actual tricks in a match of football.For example a top hat in his first world cup. No other team has ever seen something like this. b. Pele also set many new standards for the game. He set many records that people still try to break to this day. c. He also made other players strive to become as successful as he did. Made, and encouraged many players to become more than just a good pl ayer that they already are. d. He was one of the reasons why the prices in the contracts of footballers went up because when more than one team will bid for the same player, they added more money too it. e.And according to the New York Times, Pele is seen as an all rounded player, being the player that he was, and being committed to helping out his country, which makes him almost unreachable by other footballers. Now I will conclude my topic of The one and only Pele Conclusion- A. Pele is seen as the world’s best footballer. B. Today I have informed you about Edison, or more known as Pele, and his youth career, career stats and highs, and how he changed the game forever. C. Even though there are many great footballers like Maradonna, Hugo Sanchez, Ronaldihno, and many others, no one has compared to The King, Pele.Works Cited Page 1. Fish, Robert L. Pele : My Life and the Beautiful Game: The Autobiography of Pele. London: New English Library, 1978. Print. 2. â€Å"A Biography of Pele. † A Biography of Pele. Www. latinosportslegends. com, Apr. -May 2001. Web. 24 Oct. 2012. . 3. Cooper, Ben. â€Å"Soccer's Superlative. † Soccer's Superlative. New York Times, 04 June 1975. Web. 24 Oct. 2012. .

Operation Research Midterm

Solve the following problem graphically (Please be neat). Draw the polytope on the x-y coordinate system (can be done either by hand or computer). Show all intersection of the polytope and identify the point (x,y coordinate) where the objective function is maximized and provide that value. Maximize Z = 3Ãâ€"1 + 2Ãâ€"2 Subject to: 1Ãâ€"1 + 1Ãâ€"2 ? 10 8Ãâ€"1 + 1Ãâ€"2 ? 24 and x1, x2 ? 0 Solution : Point (a) is the origin (0,0) where Z(a) = 3*0 + 2*0 = 0Point (b) is the intersection of line 2 and X-axis (3,0) where Z(b) = 3*3 + 2*0 = 9 Point (c) is the intersection of line 1 and line 2 (2,8) where Z(c) = 3*2 + 2*8=22 . (Optimum Solution) Point (d) is the intersection of line 1 and Y-axis (0,10) where Z(d) = 3*0 + 2*10 = 20 Y X d a b c I II Problem 5. (30 Points) Work through the simplex method (in algebraic form) step by step to solve the following problem. Show all work and provide the solutions for each variable at every iteration of the simplex.Maximize z = 4Ãâ€"1 + 3Ãâ€"2 + 4Ãâ€"3 Subject to: 2Ãâ€"1 + 2Ãâ€"2 + 1Ãâ€"3 ? 20 2Ãâ€"1 + 1Ãâ€"2 + 2Ãâ€"3 ? 14 1Ãâ€"1 + 1Ãâ€"2 + 3Ãâ€"3 ? 15 and x1, x2, x3 ? 0 Solution : Problem 6. (30 Points) The Weigelt Corporation has three branch plants with excess production capacity. Fortunately, the corporation has a new product ready to begin production, and all three plants have this capability, so some of the excess capacity can be used in this way. This product can be made in three sizes–large, medium, and small–that yield a net unit profit of $420, $360, and $300, respectively.Plants 1, 2, and 3 have the excess capacity to produce 750, 900, and 450 units per day of this product, respectively, regardless of the size or combination of sizes involved. The amount of available in-process storage space also imposes a limitation on the production rates of the new product. Plants 1, 2, and 3 have 13,000, 12,000, and 5,000 square feet, respectively, of in-process storage space available for a day's pro duction of this product. Each unit of the large, medium, and small sizes produced per day requires 20, 15, and 12 square feet, respectively.Sales forecasts indicate that if available, 900, 1,200, and 750 units of the large, medium, and small sizes, respectively, would be sold per day. At each plant, some employees will need to be laid off unless most of the plant’s excess production capacity can be used to produce the new product. To avoid layoffs if possible, management has decided that the plants should use the same percentage of their excess capacity to produce the new product. Management wishes to know how much of each of the sizes should be produced by each of the plants to maximize profit. 1. Formulate a linear programming model for this problem by: A.Listing and labeling all of the decision variables. B. Creating an objective function for the model. C. List all of the constraints for the model. I want a complete model, not just an Excel sheet. 2. Solve the model using Excel ® solver or Open Office Solver. Give the value for each decision variable and the objective function.

Welfare reform and not being able to survive on current minimum wage Essay

Welfare reform and not being able to survive on current minimum wage - Essay Example These were the first laws to recognize the overtime pay policies, eight-hour workday, and minimum wages for workers. A century later, there has been a lot of criticisms on the impact and effects of these minimum wages in America. Ehrenreich (3) argue that â€Å"minimum wages is a contributing factor to inflation, unemployment, and high prices†. On the other hand, other people believe that minimum wages play a role in protecting the rights and welfare of workers. Ehrenreich (1) is one of the people who argue against the establishment of minimum wages. She argues that by creation of a minimum wage, the government and business organizations are exploiting the society. This is because the minimum wages established by the government cannot help an individual to live comfortably in the society (Ehrenreich, 16). For example, the current minimum wages in United States is 7.50 dollars per hour. Ehrenreich (7) explains that this amount of money is very little, and it cannot make a person to live comfortably in any States, within America. For example, this amount of money cannot pay a nice two bed roomed house in United States. This is for an individual who is working for about 40 hours per week. Ehrenreich (17) argues that the â€Å"group of people who are vulnerable, and greatly affected by this concept of minimum wages are single mothers†. These are women who are alone, and they are forced to carter for the need of their children. The 7.50 m inimum wages is not sufficient to help these women carter for their needs. It is because they lack time to seek other works, or work for overtime, for purposes of supplementing their incomes. This is because they have to carter for the needs of their offspring’s, and hence they are forced to leave work early. In fact, Ehrenreich (12) explains that â€Å"most employers normally complain that the major problem they

Achieving and Sustaining Growth at Lenovo Research Paper

Achieving and Sustaining Growth at Lenovo - Research Paper Example The Company has ranked behind only two companies – Hewlett Packard and Dell in profitability for 2006. However, customer perception of the Company does not appear good on certain issues such as installation, after sales service and availability of credit, based on a survey conducted as a part of this research effort. Lenovo must improve on these aspects, as well as build upon its success factors in order to sustain its current levels of growth. Japan, the United States and Europe represented the majority of global production and sales of computers and related products during the 2000s. One division of the computer industry is Personal Computers – which are systems with inbred processing facilities embedded in one silicon chip, and these computers are primarily intended for single users. Personal computers first appeared in the 1970s with Apple II being introduced in 1977. IBM PCs became competitive in 1981. (Snapshot). The two major types of personal Computers are PC and Macs, which are Personal Computers manufactured by the Apple Company. In the computer industry, Japan and the United States were the largest supercomputer manufacturers. Mainframe sales dropped in the 1980s and 1990s due to the development of client/server technology, with mid-range systems developing in the 1990s. With increasing sales, IBM and Hewlett Packard emerged as the major players and Hewlett Packard’s partnership with Intel has facilitated its growth in the marketplace (Snapshot). With an increase in globalization, smaller, cheaper, standardized systems like PCs have been gaining popularity. In an effort to improve sales volumes and reduce costs, PC companies have been entering into networking arrangements with other companies to share research and development costs. One example is that of Microsoft and Intel that worked together to develop the Net-PC and NEC’s PC operations with Packard Bell, forming a new venture known as Packard Bell-NEC (Snapshot).  Ã‚  

The Exdous from Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Exdous from Egypt - Essay Example Its final edition was written about 700 years after its actual occurrence, which is a major flaw in historiography 2. According to Egyptian history written by Manetho during the Hellenistic era, Jerusalem was built by Hyksos, who were expelled in Egypt and accordingly, Moses was a leader of lepers who rebelled against Egyptian who got help from Hyksos. In another historical account by Hecateus of Abdera, Jerusalem was built by people who were driven out of Egypt, whose leader is Moses. 3.Some biblical accounts can be corroborated by external evidence. The plagues narrated in chapters 7-12 could be paralleled to the epidemic in mid 4th century, commonly referred to as the Asiatic illness. 4.Some archaeologist believed that Exodus did took place but in a much smaller scale. The accounts of 600,000 who marched on to Read Sea is probably hyperbolic. 5.The story of Exodus reflects ancient metaphors, folklores myth and philosophy. The crossing of the sea is a metaphor to the defeat of the Pharaoh and his army and was probably composed in celebration of the Israelites liberation from the Egyptian slavery, rather than the actual drowning of the pharaoh and his armies. In Hebrew poetry, the imagery of sinking into water is used several times as a metaphor for distress, such as when Jonah is seemingly inside the belly of a whale and in the song of David when he called for divine intervention in Psalm 69. Therefore the sinking of the Pharaoh and his army is a metaphor to the defeat of the pharaoh and their army! Moroever, some Biblical scholars believed that the theophanies in Mt.Sinai, are not originally part of Exodus and that God’s? revelation through the phrase â€Å"I am who I am† is believed to have an undercurrent of the Greek philosophy’s? Absolute being. 6.YHWH is a warrior God that side with the weak which continue to inspire liberation movement of current history. 7.The sources of Exodus is a combination of several traditions namely Yahwist (J),Elohist(E),Deutoronomy (D) and Priestly (P). Exodus 4 which Collins believed to be taken largely from Priestly tradition describes vividly Moses stretching of his hand over the sea and causes the division of water. This should not be taken as a historical account but an attempt to provide concrete expression of YHWH powerful hand in rescuing the Israelites. On the other hand, the presentation of YHWH as a warrior God in Exodus 15 is a clear influence of E tradition in Exodus. My Personal Position in Relation to Arguments Presented Firstly,I fully agree with Mr. Collin’s main contention that it is difficult to establish the historical basis of the whole Exodus. The fact that the Book of Exodus was written about 700 years after its actual occurrence already presents a major flaw in historiography. Moreover, the very limited available non biblical evidence of Jewish history prior to the reign of King David which started around 1,000 BCE is a major challenge .Moreover, the B iblical accounts took place 2 to 3 thousand years before the science of archaeology came into our midst (Miller). But I also agree with him, that Exodus is a literature that speaks of bits and pieces of historical accounts. Previous and recent archaeological findings would attest to it. A.Chariots Found in Gulf of Aqaba in 1978 and 1988 In 1978,Ron Wyatt found numerous chariot wheels with some with axles still on, covered by corals in the Gulf of Aqaba. He also

Budgeting and reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Budgeting and reporting - Essay Example With such dominance in prices and number of consultations it is a disappointment that the firm has lower net income than the competitor. The advisory scheme is underutilized by the clients of the firm. On average they use around 75% of all prepaid consultations, which is not an advantage for the firm. The firm would prefer to have clients use all 100% and pay extra hours with regular fees. However, it has to be balanced with the satisfaction of the clients that might be happy to prepay current levels. Overall the firm looks more inefficient in managing costs compared to the competitor. Appendix 2 also reveals that the competitor attracts more new enquiries and gives more consultations to new clients. This is a sign of strong growth (Chadwick, 1997), combined with the number of complaints it indicates that the competitor is better at attracting and retaining new clients, which might provide substantial future advantage in the business development. The worrying number is the number of successful claims for negligent advice. Each successful claim undermines the reputation of the firm and projects a negative image to prospective and existing clients. It can be a big driver for clients to switch to the competitor in the future as it is a strong indicator of the service quality. The decision of the production director to source cheaper material and to use lower grade labour is reflected in the variance analysis. Material price increased, however, the material usage gace adverse effect due to increased wastage. Overall, the material variance is negative 5100-7500=-2400$, which signals that the benefit of using cheaper material with higher waste is questionable. The same goes for the lower grade labour, which improved labour rate and worsened labour efficiency. It shows that number of hours spent by the lower grade labour is higher than

Introduction to Business Law - legal system Essay

Introduction to Business Law - legal system - Essay Example It's not something that is justifiably in the normal life of a teenager but it doesn't mark him as a threat in regards to becoming a repeat offender. Either way this isn't something you have to worry about with this candidate. I assure you that you won't return to your complex one day to discover graffiti all over the front of your building. (Building Blocks for Youth, Fact Sheet 1, 2005). The other candidate that I do believe should be considered for a position placed within your company is candidate number 5. His background record shows that although he served 1 year in prison because of his crime involving credit card fraud, several years have passed since then and he seems to have been decently rehabilitated by the judicial and prison systems. After researching this candidate's background thoroughly myself I feel secure in advising you to offer him employment. The Federal Bureau of Investigation follows all white collar crime, especially those involving identity theft and credit card fraud among many other types of fraudulent activities.

What does the bible mean to me Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What does the bible mean to me - Essay Example The word â€Å"Bible† comes from Greek and can be translated as a â€Å"book†. Though Bible consists of more than seventy books, which have been written in different times and by different authors using various genres, literary styles and even languages, they all are perceived as one united and undivided continuous text that recreates life experience, moral norms and sources of human wisdom. People who have not read this book can not consider themselves as educated. However, I am confident that everyday the number of such people decreases constantly. Being written by inspired people, Bible is not merely work of fiction, but it is the greatest book of human history that contains magnificent and philosophic studies about our world, inhabitants, and eternal morality along with spiritual values. Urgency of this book is undisputed, because with its help we are able to find answers and explanations of such notions as life and death, fate and human soul, good and evil and others. Bible teaches us how to live, what we should do, what things should be unacceptable in our conscience, what kind of people we must strive to become and which negative traits of our characters ought to be changed. Bible gives us a great hope for bright and serene future persuading to believe in a life after death and Heavens. Reading this Holy Book, I comprehend that person can insure calm and happy life only with a help of conceiving thoughts and apprenticeships of Jesus Christ who persistently invites to open our hearts for God that manages to touch the most remote depths of human soul. Bible makes us believe that God is real. Every person is given life to prepare own self for eternal life on the Heavens. Bible propagandizes ethical and esthetical experience of humanity. All disappointed people refer to this book and keep on searching for the point of life that lies in religion. Hence, our trust in God helps us to live dignified lives on the Earth before being

SWOT analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

SWOT analysis - Assignment Example As the CEO of the Samsung smart Phone Company and based on the analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunity and threats I would focus mainly on improving on the areas that pose a challenge to the company to ensure that my competitors do not face the Samsung Company out of the market. I would also improve on the quality of my products, hardware and also the operating systems. Additionally, I would take advantage of the opportunities open to the company to see on how I can incorporate them in the operations of the company so as to release better and improved products. Consequently, I would also create a business environment that is ready to accept technological change as the world is dynamic and it keeps on changing and therefore the use of modern technology will result in improved and new products in the market. This ensures that the company will be able to stand the heat from its competitors. Lastly, SWOT analysis aids the company in knowing the attitude of its customers by how they purchase the product; this will ensure that the company continues to improve on their

HS Class Observation Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

HS Class Observation Report - Essay Example As a function of this observation, this analysis report will focus specifically on the means by which the educator interacted with the classroom in order to effect shareholder engagement and buy in within the process of education and the transfer of key points of information. The first thing that this student noticed with respect to the means by which the educator attempted to convey the information to the class was the degree of interaction that the educator created with the students. Although many theories of student participation contend that the means by which the educator attempts to convey a sense of interaction and inclusion into the learning process directly affects the engagement with which the students/shareholders will engage upon such a topic, the fact of the matter is that the correct application of such a practice is oftentimes difficult to achieve. The educator in question did so in a way that both encouraged classroom participation while at the same time working to ke ep a level of order and control. Oftentimes, as has been noted by educators, seeking to engage the class on a topic can quickly break down in a type of cacophony of competing voices. However, due to a structured environment, the class was able to engage on the topics that the educator presented without losing focus upon the purpose of the structures that defined the interaction. This leads conveniently into the second observation that this student made while visiting the classroom in question. Due to the fact that such a high level of structure existed, it went almost unnoticed (LoCasale-Crouch et al 2012). However, had it not been for the tacit acceptance of such a structure by the shareholders in question, the engagement that the educator was able to achieve would never have been an option. Moreover, whereas this student could easily observe the level of interaction and integration between the educator and the students within the classroom, the structure that existed once class be gan was a construct that obviously had existed for a long period of time and had been formed from a point in time that the observer was not present. With respect to how the students were able to be engaged and motivated, this observer noted that although there was no threat of a negative consequence through non-involvement/engagement with the material that the instructor was presenting, there was a conscious mention, near the beginning of the course section, that reminded the students that careful attention to the discussion that was about to ensue would help them greatly with respect to understanding the requirements of upcoming course work and exams (O'Leary 2011). In this way, rather than providing a summarily positive or negative incentive to engage with the exercise, the instructor was able to motivate the students to take grasp of the opportunity that was being provided to them and engage with the material so that they could be more responsible for affecting the development of the educational process and as a function of this, effect a positive change on their overall grade in the course. Due this experience, this observer was able to make note of key ways in which the educator and the students interacted, the means through which the educator was able to shape the discussion, and the level of inte

A Commentary on An Astrologers Day Essay Example for Free

A Commentary on An Astrologers Day Essay The writers description of the astrologer leaves us in no doubt that he is a charlatan his equipment, costume and appearance all have a deliberate, theatrical quality designed to convey the impression of a mystic power which he does not possess. Notice the authors wryly ironic comment that the abnormal gleam in his eye is really an outcome of a continual searching for customers and his dry observation that even a half wits eyes would sparkle between such a painted forehead and dark whiskers. The deliberate artifice of the astrologer is further underlined by the authors use of phrases such as To crown the effect and This color scheme. The illusion is enhanced by the fact that the astrologer works in the eerie glow of a smoky flare which adds to the enchantment of the place. The astrologers customers are depicted as gullible creatures who are irresistibly attracted to him like bees. But although the author portrays the astrologer as a fraud, his innocent customers are not shown in the light of hapless victims. The writer does not condemn or deride the astrologer as a parasite but sees him as a businessman who gives his customers value for money: he said things which pleased and astonished everyone: that was more a matter of study, practice and shrewd guesswork. All the same, it was as much an honest mans labor as any other, and he deserved the wages he carried home at the end of the day. We are told that the astrologer has not chosen his profession by design. Intriguingly, the author informs us that he was once a simple farmer who had to leave home without telling anyone. Although the fact that he had to depart hurriedly and travel far suggests that something dire occurred, the actual reason for his flight is not given, thus arousing our curiosity and conferring upon the exiled stranger a sense of mystery, more real than he could possibly create for himself in his bogus role of astrologer. Whilst he has no mystical powers, the astrologer is a shrewd psychologist. He diagnoses his customers problems by listening to their troubles and supplies them with solace and reassurance. Notice how he is careful to either blame his clients woes on other people, or attribute their troubles to elements beyond their control. In this way, they all depart as satisfied customers. Our expectation is aroused by the suitably dramatic entrance of the astrologers antagonist. For reasons which become apparent later, the author has cleverly contrived the scene so that the man is initially no more than a dark shape who blots out the solitary shaft of light which remains after the nut vendors departure. Our initial impression of the stranger is unsympathetic he grumbles and truculently challenges the astrologer to prove his worth in the form of a bet. It is only after the bet has been agreed that the astrologer glimpses the mans face whilst the latter is lighting a charoot. The sight of the mans face seems to shock the astrologer but again we are purposely given no explanation why. The astrologer is so dismayed that he tries to retract the wager and hurriedly leave but the man is ruthlessly insistent and becomes threatening. Surprisingly, the astrologer agrees to speak but only if the wager is increased to one rupee. Both the reader and the man are surprised to hear the astrologers seemingly miraculous divinations as he accurately describes the mans grisly past. The man is dismayed to learn that his thirst for revenge cannot be quenched since his enemy is already dead. He is further stunned to discover that the astrologer knows his name and accepts his admonition to return home and never travel southward again. The astrologer leaves the man with one consolation: he tells him that his enemy received his just deserts by dying a deservedly painful death. Our curiosity is finally satisfied at the end of the story when the astrologer goes home and reveals to his wife that the man in question was in fact the reason why he fled his village. Unbeknown to the man, he had ironically been consulting the very person he had been relentlessly searching for all these years! For the astrologer, meeting his old enemy has been doubly rewarding: firstly, the knowledge that he is not a murderer has lifted a great burden of guilt from his mind; secondly, he has assured his future safety by tricking his antagonist into believing that he is dead. The story fittingly ends with the astrologer sleeping contentedly, having finally laid to rest the ghost of his guilt and successfully warded off the menacing specter of revenge. The authors technique in this story is more subtle than it first appears. Although we are just as surprised as the client when we first hear the astrologers uncannily accurate comments, our surprise is of a different nature since we know what Guru Nayak does not that the astrologer is a definite fraud. Hence, there is an ironic distancing between the reader and the astrologers antagonist which is further stretched by the fact that he is portrayed as an unsympathetic character. Whereas the initially skeptical Guru Nayak becomes increasingly convinced of the astrologers mystic power, the reader becomes increasingly suspicious, especially when the astrologer correctly gives his clients name. Unlike Guru Nayak, the reader has not become increasingly mystified and overawed by the astrologers knowledge, but gradually realises that a connection must exist between Guru Nayaks story and the secret of the astrologers past. Hence, whilst the ending satisfies our curiosity, it does not come as a total surprise. We also share the astrologers final sense of relief, partly because we find Guru Nayak unpleasant but mainly because we admire the way in which he skilfully and successfully handles such a crisis of circumstance and manages to extricate himself from an extremely dangerous situation. Rising to the occasion, he uses his professional acting skills and sharp wits to turn the tables on his overawed antagonist and transform a perilous predicament into godsend. Finally, the authors effective use of irony is worth commenting. Near the beginning of the story, he writes that the astrologer knew no more of what was going to happen to others than he knew what was going to happen to himself next minute. Given what is about to occur, these words become prophetically ironic. Note also the wry irony of the astrologers final complaint to his wife (The swine has cheated me!) when he himself had perpetrated the greater deception and cleverly cheated Guru Nayak of his revenge . Lastly, the matter-of-fact title is a masterpiece of ironic understatement. An Astrologers Day implies that the story will describe an average or typical day in the astrologer life whereas the event related is both extraordinary and fateful.

Ethical Theories for Outsourcing

Ethical Theories for Outsourcing This paper analyses each key reasons for outsourcing through three ethical theories, such as Utilitarianism theory, Kantianism Theory and Social contact theory. Outsourcing compromise the safety and quality of products. When a company gets outsourced, the people who are culturally removed from the parent company have to transfer the knowledge to the new employees those who come to the board. Can these services meet quality expectations? In some cases it does not satisfy the full requirements. There may be a communication gap when you transfer your knowledge to the third party. May be you have lack of interest to train the third party people, but you are forced to do it. In this case honesty in communication and doing the right duties make the attention of ethical issues. This is against the Freedom of Speech. There are language and cultural barriers while communicating with the overseas workers. The overseas workers communicate with Americans in broken and incomprehensible English. As a result, the companies have to compromise on the quality of the product. Indirectly if we see, now days because of job outsourcing in a peek, overseas workers are good in communication and very talented. They can easi ly understand the situation and come up with good ideas, provide the quality and safety of the product. End users get benefited from the outcome of the result. For Utilitarian analysis outsourcing is good. Company outsources due to highly skilled, educated labor with cheaper price in foreign countries. Sometimes foreign countries use very cheap quality raw material and less manual effort to finish the project for their profit. For an example, China use lead paint in toys. From the outcomes the users as well as the company suffer .This is not good. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: The services or projects which are outsourcing are the Intellectual Property of the company. The company has the right to protect their intellectual property. For that need company has to enforce proper planning strategy on what services should be outsourced and what services should not. If there will be lack of proper planning, then may be chances of Identity Theft and the company goes through loses. In opposite way, if there is a proper planning, then company can focus on core services and outsource the ancillary duties and at the end provides a good quality product to the users. All the users and company get benefited, no one get harm. In conclusion by providing proper training to the replacement employees, good communication to new employees, proper planning strategy of the company before outsourcing, then users get benefited and satisfied at the end with the quality and safety product. So according to Utilitarianism, outsourcing is good and no need to compromise the quality and safety of the product. Kantian Theory Analysis: If there is drop in quality and safety of the outsourced product, the community and the users are going to suffer. Company use overseas workers at cheaper rate to accomplish the goal, the quality of the product drops. Overseas workers use as a means to an end for the company benefit. Most of the previous workers who used to work before are getting laid off. Company treated them with disrespect. So outsourcing is not good. Social Contract Theory Analysis: Company has the right to give a good quality product to the community. If there is drop in quality, the rational begins are not get benefited to the maximum level. So according to social contract theory, outsourcing is not good, as it drops the quality. It affects the global economy. People in the developed countries like US and UK tend to blame outsourcing for their job losses, low paying jobs. But offshore outsourcing is an inevitable phenomenon that has many viable benefits to the world economy. Global outsourcing helps in creating newer international markets, promotes global citizenship, helps recognize global talent and in a larger sense helps in the development of economics of all the countries taking part in it. People are more worried about job loses rather than realizing new jobs are getting created. Outsourcing is an evolution that is revolutionizing our societies and laying the foundation for a better world economy. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: Companies exploit the cheap labor of offshore countries and cut down on man power costs, reduce operational costs and capital expenditure. The overseas workers dont get greatest happiness but at the end the global economy rises, all the people are getting benefited. So outsourcing is good. Kantian Theory Analysis: Though outsourcing increases global economy, the companies exploit the workers and infrastructure facilities available in the third world countries and use as a means to an end. So outsourcing is not good. Social Contract Theory Analysis: All the rational begins are getting benefited through outsourcing as it increases the global economy. So for the world benefits, outsourcing is good. An employer outsources some work to escape taxes and regulations. By outsourcing certain tasks, the companies can save money based on taxes they pay in the offshore countries. Developed countries like America and Europe have more corporate tax rate than other countries. The U.S. tax code allows American based companies to get the tax exemptions for that percentage of tax already paid to foreign countries, which is very less compared to U.S. Some companies even move some tasks to the small offshore island, such as Caymans, where they can create tax free account and avoid paying taxes. The company uses the materials and resources of the foreign country and that helps in building small local companies and foreign country generate more tax revenues from those small local companies. In overall the outsourced company end up with paying less tax or sometimes get the tax exemption to the foreign country, because it increases the economy of the foreign country and create more jobs in that country. The U.S. companies only give tax based on their operation ac count income in U.S. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: According to Utilitarian point of view, the companies move certain tasks to the offshore countries for tax benefits. They help other foreign countries to grow and create jobs there and also give tax to the countries based on the profit in those countries. The tax rate at foreign country is very low compared to the parent country. The parent country gets less tax revenue where as the foreign countries and the company both are getting benefited with this. So outsourcing is good. Kantian Theory Analysis: The companies create more jobs in the overseas for tax incentives. They do not invest money in their country and do not create jobs for their society. According to Kant, this is morally wrong, the companies has some responsibilities for the country. They cheat to the country and give less tax based on profit in the parent country not the profit through overseas. Social Contract Theory Analysis: The outsourced companies give lower foreign tax rate to the foreign countries as compared to U.S. and deduct those foreign taxes on their American tax return. The outsourced company creates jobs overseas and give tax based on profit earned in the overseas, as a result the overseas countries get financially benefited. As a moral rule, if all the U.S. based companies move their business overseas for their tax benefit, then economy of the U.S. will drop, it is not right. So outsourcing is not good. Honesty in communications is at the ethical core of trustworthiness. Another problem in outsourcing is transfer of knowledge. How honestly the parent employees who are culturally removed from the company, will transfer the knowledge to the foreign employees. The offshore countries have the responsibilities to give back the quality and safety product to the company; how much honesty will exist in this process, is a question? Honest in relationship between the developed country and the foreign country is a key constraint for better and successful business. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: According to Utilitarianism Theory, if a work is done with honest, it will give satisfaction at the end. When two countries are working together with handshaking, one should have trust with another and they should do work with honesty. If that criterion meets, then both the countries get benefited. Outsourcing is good. Kantian Theory Analysis: An outsourced company gets profit with the help of other foreign country; simultaneously foreign country also gets profit with the outsourced work. Both should do work with honest and trust. If one country use other as a means to an end for its benefit, then it is wrong. If there is honesty, outsourcing is good. Social Contract Theory Analysis: As a moral rule, honesty in communication required for better business and makes a better word. So in outsourcing, honesty is a key factor. Skilled and talent professionals work for other nation. Developed country like U.S. moves some tasks to foreign countries to utilize skilled and talented workers at lower rates compared to U.S. talented workers that will lead to an increase in productivity and save costs in a major way. Large number of engineers is graduating every year from India and China compared to U.S. As a result there is an oversupply of talented workers from overseas. But these foreign countries sometimes can not produce quality and challenging jobs for them at a good rate, where they get their satisfaction jobs from other developed country at a feasible rate. They leave their own countries because they are not absorbed by the economies of these developing countries and work for other nation. Outsourcing offers opportunities for talented individuals to stay at own country and work for the other country. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: According to Utilitarianism Theory, if talented and skilled workers stay at own country and work for other country, the workers get satisfaction with their job as well as the economy of their own country gets better. At the end, even though workers drain brain for other nation, own nation also get benefited. Skilled workers work for other nation is good. Kantian Theory Analysis: Developed countries give job to the talent and skill workers overseas for their benefit in place of own talent workers. According to Kant, this is wrong because developed countries workers use as a means to an end. Social Contract Theory Analysis: Talent and skill workers get opportunities and build their career and company also gets benefited. It does not matter where these workers drain brain, but global economy increases. Restricted access to secured data for maintaining the privacy and confidentiality. Outsourced company should concentrate on core business and need specialized attention while moving some operations to the third party company. The core concern of outsourcing is to maintain the confidentiality, integrity, security and privacy of the company business. It is wise if outsourcing partner does not have adequate information security measures. As a practice of ethical rules and privacy policies of the organizations like non-disclosure of trade secrets and non-disclosure contracts with staff, third party service providers and visitors should sign the disclaimer contract. So the outsourcer feels safe to do the business with a partner who is miles away. Everyone has right to protect his intellectual property. Privacy is a prudential right. From the point of view of rule utilitarianism, social contract theory and Kantianism, it is necessary to maintain some privacy and confidentiality information to the third party company. It increases the productivity of the services. By employing more numbers of skilled and talented manpower at lower cost, company boost up their productivity. Companies produce better product at low price which increases the demand of the product and also increases revenue of consumers. In order to produce more products, workers must be hired, that results in more job creations. Companies operate on an around the clock, 24/7 production cycle, provides customer service 24 hours; which further adding productivity. By outsourcing it is possible for projects to be shuttled between multiple sites, allowing around the clock and get the tasks done in time. For an example, a team in Palo Alto spends its day to find bugs in a piece of software, then hand the bug reports to Bangalore team of India that spends its day fixing the bugs. Outsource results into better customer satisfaction and increased profitability. If we see in other way, infrastructure in less developed countries can make business more difficult, which hampers the productivi ty. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: According to Utilitarianism, customer get good product in less price, which enhances total happiness of the customer. It also creates new jobs. So outsourcing increases the productivity. Kantian Theory Analysis: By employing skilled manpower at lower cost, company boost up productivity which is morally wrong according to Kantianism theory, because company uses skilled manpower as means to an end. Social Contract Theory Analysis: Outsourcing process increases productivity of the company and also provides customer satisfaction. According to social contact theory outsourcing is good. Conditions when the outsourced get outsourced: Outsourcing Company outsources jobs to offshore countries to get the product within a much reduced cost. To get maximum revenue benefit, offshore countries outsource some of their job areas to third offshore country to reduce their operating costs. The outsourced jobs in the offshore countries get outsourced to another offshore country because of reducing the cost of infra structure, cost of raw materials, and cost of labor. Most of the times offshore country keeps the core functionality of the outsourced jobs and outsources their non-core jobs to third offshore country for the utilization of available skilled labors. Also the offshore country outsources their jobs to get the benefit out of lower corporate tax rate of 3rd offshore country. Sometimes Supply of demands can be a factor to get the jobs outsourced from one offshore country to another offshore country. For example, developed country like America outsources mostly IT jobs to India to get a better quality product at a lower price. India outsources certain tasks like software testing, software documentation of those IT services to other offshore country like Philippines and other south Asian countries to get the tasks complete within very low labor cost. Sometimes Indian corporations outsource job to developing nations to meet the need for workers who speak the varieties of languages that global clients demand. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: The business of the company spread globally. Three countries get benefited and also skilled and talented workers get good job. Sometimes own country skilled workers do not get job, this is a negative consequences. Managing the tasks is difficult as it spread to country to country. The confidential information are less secure, this gives negative impact. Total benefits is more than total harms. So outsourced get outsourced is a good phenomenon. Kantian Theory Analysis: The developed country like America outsource job to developing country like India for their benefit. Similarly India outsources some task to third developing country like Philippines. According Kantian theory, America uses India as a means to an end. India uses Philippines as a means to an end. This is not a good idea. Social Contract Theory Analysis: The businesses of the company get distributed around the world. Higher quality product is sold at the best possible price due to competition among possible providers of the same product. This is beneficial for the society. Poorer countries gain employment, creating jobs around the world reduces unrest and leads to more stability. For everyones mutual benefit, outsourced get outsource is good. Conclusion: Outsourcing has tremendous impact on economic growth, national security, balancing between Jobs vs. the workforce. These impacts are both positive and negative. When the business owners and BPO consultants move jobs overseas, they claim that their actions have a clear net positive. In contrast certain group of people and the community of outsourced country are adversely affected through outsourcing. It is very difficult to determine who are the ones affected from outsourcing. The jobs as well as the capital resource are transferred from developed to developing countries. As a result unemployment rate increases in the parent country and in most cases the qualified skilled labors in their own domestic land are forced out of jobs. Also people in their own domestic land are losing interest in education because of lack of skilled jobs originating in their own country. Based on various arguments and discussions from different sources, outsourcing also enhances the global economy of the domestic country and creates new jobs in the country. If we consider each key reasons of outsourcing through ethical theories, some key reasons have more moral value than the others. So it is very hard to decide whether outsourcing is good or bad. Recommendation: Though outsourcing loses some jobs in developed country, it also creates some new high-tech jobs in developed country and also increases global economy. I argue that outsourcing is not necessarily unethical, nor is it unavoidable. After all, international business has opened huge markets for United States products and has provided customers with new and cheaper goods. With advancements in shipping and telecommunications, it is easier now than ever before to sell products and services across the globe. If businesses and customers are willing to accept the international market, then we must also accept its consequences increased competition. Company should do proper planning about outsourcing, keep the core functionality of the outsourced jobs and outsources their non-core jobs. So company can focus on the core function and produce good product. The confidentiality and the privacy of the company get secured. So from my point of view, outsourcing is good.

Importance of and Benefits of E-Banking

Importance of and Benefits of E-Banking E Banking The usage of e banking by the enterprises came into existence in mid 90s.e banking came into existence in greater numbers because of low operating costs. First it is in the form of ATMs and phone transactions. Recently it transformed to internet a new channel between customers and banks which benefits both. The main aim of e- banking services is to provide the customers a much faster services with low cost. From the last twenty years, banking sector has chosen a new method of banking based on the progress of information technology. In addition to these customers, transaction and communication abilities are fastened based on information technology. The progress of electronic banking started with use of automatic teller machines and afterwards it developed to online banking. In the future it will be done in mobile phones(wap-enabled).Anyway online banking continues to be the best for financial transactions. IMPORTANCE OF E-BANKING: E banking provides many advantages for banks and customers .e-banking has made life much easier and banking much faster for both customers and banks. Main advantages are as follows. It saves time spent in banks It provides ways for international banking. It provides banking throughout the year 24/7 days from any place have internet access. It provides well-organized cash management for internet optimization It provides convenience in terms of capital, labour, time all the resources needed to make a transaction. Taking advantage of integrated banking services, banks may compete in new markets, can get new customers and grow their market share. It provides some security and privacy to customers, by using state-of-the-art encryption and security technologies. What is e-banking? Electronic funds transfer means computer systems are used to perform financial transactions electronically. The EFT is used for electronic payments and customer initiated transactions where the cardholder pays using credit or debit card. The transaction types are, Withdrawal,deposit,interaccount transfer ,inquiry, administrative transactions that covers non financial transactions including PIN change. Electronic Fund Transfer transactions needs authorisation and a means to match the card and card holder.EFT transactions require the cardholders PIN to sent online in encrypted form for validation by the issuer of the card.Other information may include the card holders address or the CVV2 security value printed on the card. Electronic funds transfer transactions are activated during e-banking procedures.The different methods of e-banking are Online banking Short message service banking Telephone banking Mobile banking Interactive -TV banking Of all the above procedures online banking plays an important role and maximum used by the account holders.now,discussing the above one by one. Online banking: Online banking also called as internet banking, allows the customers to use all the banking services from a computer which has internet acess.The customer can perform financial transactions on a secure website operated by the bank. Online banking offers features such as bank statements, loan applications, funds transfer, e-bill payments and account aggregation allows customers to monitor all their accounts in one place. Telephone Banking: Telephone banking is a service provided by the banks which provides customers to perform transactions on phone.All the telephone banking systems uses automated answering system with keypad response or voice recognition capability.To prove their identity coustomers must provide a numeric or verbal password or answering the questions asked by the call center representative.In telephone banking coustomer cannt withdraws and deposits cash but can do all the other transactions. Mostly there will be a coustomer care representative to which the customers speak ,although this feature is not guaranteed.The coustomer care representatives are trained to do what are available at the branch like chequebook orders,address change,debit card replacements. Sms Banking: SMS banking is a service permitting banks to do selected banking services from the users mobile by the sms messaging.SMS banking services have push and pull messages.Push messages are sent by the banks for alerting coustomer about new offers,marketing messages,alerts to events happening in coustomers account such as large amount of withdrawals from ATM or credit card etc. Pull messages are those that are sent by the coustomer to bank for having some information or to perform a transaction in their account.Examples include account balance enquiry,requesting for current exchange rates and for new offers that are launched. The coustomer has a choice to select the list of services he need to be informed.This can be done by integrating to internet banking or speaking to the coustomer care representative of the bank call centre. Interactive -TV banking: Interactive TV is a sevice that allows users to interact with TV content as they view it.It is also called as iTV or idTV.If the coustomer subscribes to a cable television service some banking facilities like balance enquiry,funds transfer between accounts ,bills payment are made available all the way through TV.Most of the major banks in UK have experimented banking services through cable and satellite TV companies. Some of the Statistics are : Half of the coustomers registering for online banking are giving up before signing up. 10% people who used internet banking services gave up due to poor usability or security concerns. In 2001 ,1/3 rd of the top European banks offered some form of interactive TV banking. In 2004 it is approximated that there were ten million users of interactive-TV based banking services in Europe . In 2007,the estimated number of Europeans using internet banking is 130 million 88% of e-banking users visit their banking websites as a at least once a week It is estimated that 35% of online banking households will be using mobile banking by 2010. By 2011 it is predicted that 80% of the bank customers in UK will use the internet to connect to their bank. Problems encountered by disabled people and the ageing population using e-banking Physically Impaired: The people with physical impairments who are using telephone banking finds hard to hold and activate the buttons.People with physical disability can not have proper control on hands and arms therefore it is difficult to use mouse effectively so using the banking website becomes a problem. Hearing impaired: People with hearing impairments require visual representation of the auditory information that is in the banking website. With increasing use of multimedia e.g vedio streaming the banking people should take care that these will be understood by the people having hearing problems. One of the straight farward way to make the banking site accessible to the hearing impaired people is to make the language simple particularly for BSL users for whom English is second language.so it si necessary to use a simple language and the inclusion of a glossary of banking terms. The people who are hearing impaired,canot use telephone banking.And the users of hearing aids will experience electromagnetic interference,from mobile phones.The radio signals from mobile telephones can arise humming and buzzing inside hearing aid. Blind and Partially sighted People having vision problems have a problem to insert the card into the ATM machine and typing their PIN .And people with vision problems can use online banking based on how the site is designed for the people with vision disabilities i.e blind people use browsers should with speech or Braille output which are text-based systems and should be browsed independent of graphics.The browser should have the option to vary the text size so that they can increase the font.The main problem for them is the graphics in the websites are not meaningful when they are accessing with a text browser And people with vision problems find hard to use telephone banking because of the decreasing in the size of mobile phones.Due to the compact size of mobiles people with low sight find hard to use the small keypads and smaller screens.And some people are unable to distinguish colour combinations used in mobile keypads and screens. And mailed notifications regarding e-banking are inaccessible to blind and people with low vision if they are not provide in alternate formats. Cognitively impaired The Banking websites with too many steps and unhelpful messages are difficult to browse for cognitively impaired people.The websites designed with complex page layouts,tables and navigation structures confuse these people and are become difficult to browse. And in telephone banking, mobile phones of latest technology are coming with so many features and complex operating systems.People with Cognitive disabilities find difficult to operate these kind of mobile phones People having dyslexia finds difficult to remember the PIN in the correct order and may enter incorrectly.So these people are prone to writing them down which lessens the security and can be misused. Age-related Impairments People as they age will experience so many changes in memory,eye sight,hearing and dexterity and they might not consider to have disabilities.These people will be benifited by the accessibility provisions that make websites accessible.People having age related eye sight may access the website by changing the text size.These people also finds difficult to use the mouse.Older people finds difficult to use mobiles having complex operating systems and too many options.

Kurt Vonnegut as Social Critic Essay -- Works of Kurt Vonnegut Jr.

Kurt Vonnegut as Social Critic   Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Those who write on the human condition are often philosophers who write with convoluted language that few can understand. Kurt Vonnegut, however, focuses on the same questions, and provides his own personal answers with as much depth as that of the must educated philosopher. He avoids stilted language typical of philosophers, using shorter sentences, less complex vocabulary, humorous tangents, and outrageous stories to get his point across. With this style, Vonnegut presents the age-old question "How do we as humans live in this world?" in a manner appealing and understandable to the less educated mass. When offering advice to writers on how to write, Vonnegut said, "Our audience requires us to be sympathetic and patient teachers ever willing to simplify and clarify, whereas we would rather soar high above the crowd, singing like nightingales" (Palm Sunday p. 71). Vonnegut does not try to enthrall the read with eloquent language. Instead, he gets his point across, as king the reader to consider his ideas, and that is what truly matters because writing is simply a means of expressing ideas. By writing books that are easily read, Kurt Vonnegut makes constructive criticism of human society available to everybody.    One of Vonnegut's main themes focuses on perhaps the greatest atrocity man commits- war. As a World War II survivor and witness of the Dresden firebombing, Vonnegut uses his novels to question this destructive process. It makes little sense that we should kill each other and destroy the earth because of hate, territory, or any of the other causes of war. Vonnegut directs our attention to the millions of people who so inhumanely lose their lives to war. Does it make sen... ...1972.       Schatt, Stanley. Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. Boston: Twayne Publishers. 1976.       Vonnegut, Jr. Kurt. Palm Sunday. Dell Publishing Company.   1999.       "Bands Influenced by Vonnegut". 24 May 2001. <http://www.ipass.net/~brianrodr/vonnegut/bands.html>    Farber, Donald."The Complete Kurt Vonnegut Webpage". 24 May 2001. <http://web.mit.edu/sbl/www/vonnegut/>    Huber, Chris. "The Vonnegut Web" 24 May 2001. <http://www.duke.edu/~crh4/kv/>      "Kurt Vonnegut Quotes". 24 May 2001. <http://mike.wiggins.org/kvquotes.htm>    "The Kurt Vonnegut Booklist". 24 May 2001 <http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/~ee0r/vonnegut.html>    "Quotes on Religion- Kurt Vonnegut Jr.". 25 May 2001. <http://atheism.about.com/religion/atheism/library/quotes/bl_q_KVonnegut.htm>      

Essay --

â€Å"He must not take many wive,s or his heart will be led astray. He must not accumulate large amounts of silver and gold.† ( Duet. 17:17 KJV) In today’s world many people have had different views and ideas on what polygamy really is, is it morally wrong? In this paper you are going to learn what polygamy is, who practices it, the affects that it has on children, wives and the husbands, risk factors, and most importantly why it is morally wrong. The world polygamy means the practice of having more than one wife. It comes from poly meaning ‘many’ and gamos meaning ‘marriage. Polygamy has been around for many years, and by many years, it’s been around since the biblical ages. In the Old Testament of the bible polygamy was allowed, not only was it practiced or allowed in the Old Testament but other cultures and religions practiced polygamy as well. These religions included Hindus, Muslims, and Christians. The Old Testament gives multiple examples of men being married to more than one wife at a time. The patriarchs Abraham and Jacob are known to be examples of righteous men who had several wives in the Old Testament. It is said that in ancient times when a man had more than one wife or wives and concubines(a woman who lives with a man but has lower status than his wife or wives) these wives and concubines were segregated by position and authority within the husband’s family. The first wife held the highest position and it was to her first –born son that the husband’s inheritance was given. (www.bibleresearch.org) Although there and many reasons as to why people practiced polygamy, some of these reasons were family reasons, personal reasons, and religious reasons. Practicing polygamy you would share family responsibilities, more freed... ...KJV) â€Å"And if a man take a wife and her mother, it is wickedness: they shall be burnt with fire , both he and they; that there be no wickedness among you ( Lev. 20:14 KJV) The first quote is stating that a man cannot be married concurrently to two women who are sisters, while the second quote prohibits a man taking a woman and her mother as wives, or they will be executed by fire. The quotes both go to show you in a religious way that polygamy was wrong, and still is. In Genesis 2:24 it says â€Å"Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother ,and shall cleave to his wife: and they shall be one flesh† . Note in that particular verse it says â€Å"wife† not â€Å"wives†, and that’s how it should be. There fore it is morally wrong to practice polygamy, and if one feels that it is not, maybe they should rethink their values, and what they consider morals to really be.

Symbol, Allusion, and Myth in Irving Laytons Rhine Boat Trip Essay

Symbol, Allusion, and Myth in Irving Layton's Rhine Boat Trip  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   "...haunted/by the ghosts of Jewish mothers/looking for their ghostly Children" (Layton). Though physical evidence of the Holocaust is now slightly limited, as time tends to destroy the tangible, the cry for justice and the remembrance of systematic genocide by a sadistic people enacting ignorant dogma will ring indefinitely throughout the world. Humanity will always be guilty of the atrocities that it instigates. Irving Layton, in his poem, Rhine Boat Trip, depicts the eternal evidence of the Nazi Crime, a stain of culpability that is reducible from all who have witnessed it. Layton is able to portray the onus of this horrific event through his employment of symbolism, allusion, and myth. The everlasting, inescapable pain of the Holocaust is so imbedded in our culture that our senses can become paralyzed by the enormity of its reverberation through the years since the last chimney fire in Aushwitz was snuffed. Through his use of symbolism, Layton is able to -it a picture in the minds of his readers, one that juxtaposes the subject matter with his choice of diction. Beginning with the title, Rhine Boat Trip, symbolism is installed in the poem. A boat trip on the Rhine is thought to be a journey through the ultimate bucolic paradise. What is encountered on this scenic route; however is far from the ideal vacation experience. Layton creates an ironic dichotomy between a life of luxury and intense human suffering. When the boat visits castles along the Rhine, its passengers are really witnessing the remnants of wealth accumulated by the Nazis from slave labor in concentration camps, a cruel practice that quickly stimulated the struggling German econom... ...rnatural power. Even the voices of the Lorelei, which sailors could not drown out of their ears, are ineffectual and in audible when the beauty of nature is tainted by the barbarity it has given   to, forever reminded of the supremacist desire that went too far. Even the most serene places of the Rhine, are filled of reminders of a massive suffering and a people who could not face the truth of the wickedness found in the Aryan race for dominance. Irving Layton's poem, Rhine Boat Tdp, depicts the immortality of the legacy left by those who were murdered, a legacy of remembrance they left in every breath of humanity, eternally seared with its guilt. Layton illustrates his message by expertly using literary devices such as symbolism, allusion, and myth. He is able to paint in the mind of the reader an unforgettable picture of human flaw and the karma of crime.

A Report On LVMH HR Policies Education Essay

Lvmh HR policies are in surplus of required and implement on the concern groups and companies. Through flexible regulation, it besides provides organisation. The map of corporate HR is to normalise certain ways, to exemplify program and to give force to companies ‘ HR squads. In connexion with scheme, HR offers other than hardly of all time oblige. An employee work reciprocally with the concern group which study to corporate central office. Approximately 55 to 60 % of advancements are controlled by companies, the else managed by the concern groups or corporate. There are four types of HR directors at Lvmh. Subsequent the group ‘s construction, they operate on four degrees: corporate, regional, concern group and company degree. The subordinate HR Director or the individual moving as such, studies to the subordinate ‘s President. The subordinate ‘s HR Director gets recommendation and shore up from his company. The concern group ‘s HR Director organizes his companies ‘ HR Directors through monthly meetings. The intent of these meetings is to place vacant places throughout the universe and to analyze the list of possible campaigners for these places, between which are the Ready to Move. Lvmh has ready internal mobility – both geographic and functional – a footing of their human resources policy. This cross-fertilisation of experience within their ecosystem under the consolidative umbrella of the group creates matchless cause of proficient and personal fulfillment. International mobility is indispensable portion of every prospective calling way. It targets to make planetary directors many of them have far above the land cardinal practical move. As an illustration the caput of HR development remember the instance of a Gallic insurance specializer in the manner concern unit who was sent to Romania to head a shoe mill. LVMH be on familiar footings with they could make with hazards to develop likely impending. It needs to set them in new fortunes to assist them develop new accomplishments and set up their bravery. Lvmh actively supports the professional development of its employees. The decentralised organisation of the Lvmh group encourages single enterprise. Half of Lvmh ‘s senior executives and over 40 per cent of managerial staff are Gallic, whereas the Gallic history for 37 per cent of the group ‘s planetary work force. HR needs to develop more planetary concern directors so they can be a portion of globalized top direction. Lvmh mobility procedure works on the web of HR squads who largely staffed with locals. Lvmh did non direct out any experts because non hold local gift. Generally their experts fit two profiles: those sent out by the corporate HQ to command its subordinates and protect its involvements and sent out to develop their accomplishments. To back up the international concern growing relocate is lifting. Though, it non means that increasing figure of Gallic exiles will coerce this disposition. Lvmh lake of planetary directors creates their order adverse in footings of deploying adept director to company ‘s desire program or task given to that director. Lvmh did non pull experts by giving them higher fringe benefits in footings of their degree. The group is motivated for cost effectivity. They know that a good bundle is indispensable, but that it non the chief encouragement to travel abroad. The primary balance-sheet move in the way of bundle is based on the benchmark that proficient should neither lost nor turn from their reallocate. Lvmh ‘s C & A ; B section has connected this draw near as a direct for it does remunerate bundle policy. Specific state based salary is evident for international mission. Salary will acquire hire during the period of mission. That is used as a vital for work out of societal security and pension payments. The mobility rewards are mean comparison to local labor market. Lvmh distinguishable two types of high potencies, HP1 and HP2 is an single likely to accomplish a top direction place such as member of Board commissions, Regional president or Subsidiary president. An HP2 is an employee probably to travel up one or two stairss in the hierarchy. For corporate HR this word picture of high potency is excessively wide and is more relevant for level constructions. It is now sing contracting it. It would retain the definition of HP1 and include those who are considered to be experts in their field. Lvmh is giving specific undertaking or mission to the planetary director in their working content for specific period and give him or her full authorization to take determination for the company, besides they want to larn from this sort of freedom to make new or dare things. Undertaking 2To fit the planetary demand of concern working form Lvmh has to deploy local people instead than experts from the Gallic, because they do non hold know the local civilization or local market how they react in new or old section for their merchandises or what is the tendency among them for Lvmh ‘s merchandises. If they select local director with relevant expertness for their desire undertaking or purpose to accomplish. In this status they can acquire director with accomplishment which they want and besides acquire betterment from his cognition about their merchandise fiting the local public positions and if possible implement them for acquiring better consequences. For LVMH operates in all over universe so, they have to believe globally and move locally for their operations. For illustration they have decided same regulations and ordinances for the all employee universe broad like their rewards and benefits. In France they have decided to give 6500 ˆ per month wage to the planetary director for giving his or her services to the company as per same wage may non be pay in other continent like Asiatic states China or India. Populating criterion in all continents is different so, their policies should be different than headquarter and subordinate in footings of rewards. Lvmh has to take attention for the different civilization base for their scheme in HRM for illustration in Japan they can non deploy younger director on the employee who is senior in footings of age so him or her, because Nipponese have cultural usage that they respect elder individual and do non traverse their words of all time so, in that manner Lvmh has to be specific about cultural differences. Like in South East Asia India is a populated state and have more knowledge base potency campaigners are available to fit their standards but they have to maintain in head that Indian civilization is a versatile and full of festivals. If they want to establish the new merchandise there they have to look frontward for the appropriate gay season for their merchandises and the director who familiar with the usage of this festival and achieve company ‘s end. Before directing the planetary trough on his or her assignment they has to be given developing about linguistic communication which is locally spoken over at that place and have good bid over at least 3 linguistic communications other so French. Looking frontward the HRM policies of Lvmh is to follow divergency in footings of local environment like in UK people like to imbibe Beer while in USA and France prefer to imbibe Wine. Such things keep in head and develop their program for act in a planetary market through their planetary directors who really implement their policies to their concern. Undertaking 3Lvmh has created his name in the planetary universe so they have to choose planetary linguistic communication like Good English talking individual because in the yesteryear they select staff from the France merely, they ca n't talk English fluently for that they have to larn English as a preparation and development undertaking which is programmed by HR section and educate them to cover in English at planetary degree.

The novel Frankenstein written in 1831 by Mary Shelley

The fresh Frankenstein written in 1831 by bloody shame Shelley is a tale that send offms to expound on legion(predicate) of the root words set forth in John Keats Ode on Melancholy. The thematic elements concur in their references to the unkn ingest and to the unwanted and sad vector sums of knowledge that lies beyond a accepted threshold of purport. Both works invite on a very tenebrious tvirtuoso and even hint at a certain inevitability in the coming of indicate and the destruction of beauty. They efficiency even be considered works that watch the sadder circumstances in deportmentwhich is in direct teleph hotshot circuit to the unbridled optimism of many amative poets of the era. The ogre created by original Frankenstein, as well as Frankenstein himself, venture the dreamlike and unkn let territory of Lethe warned against by Keats, and in harvest-tide find issue root contact the inner works of livings grief.The very first line of Keats numbers warns a gainst entrance into the unkn possess, as therein lies even more than(prenominal) differentiate of the grief that sustenance stinker hold. He writes, No, no, go not to Lethe (line 1). Lethe refers to a river build in the Greek mythologies that flowed through the infernal region of Hades. This river is peerless that causes forgetfulness and in that way casts a shroud over reality that is convertible to the misty and dreamlike sense created in the figment Frankenstein. Shelley does this using several devices, such(prenominal) as through the setting she creates. The romance begins while the first narrator and Dr. Frankenstein broom together on a vas in the dark and expansive amnionic fluid of the Arctic. The atmosphere speaks volumes of the lack of clarity that is shown to know on the earth. It also prefigures the idea of Dr. Frankensteins forgetting (as on Lethes waters) lessons learned from Faust just ab add together in reckonking as well as oft that which lies be yond closing.It mint also be seen from the very first letter written by Walton that manners is itself shown to be un unclutter and tippy in its ability to mete step up despair and regret no subject argona which actions are performed by the persons involved. Walton writes to Margaret And when sh totally I return? Ah, dear sister, how can I dish this question? If I succeed, many, many months, perhaps years, go out pass before you and I may meet. If I fail, you will see me again soon, or never (Shelley, 4). It is clear that life is like a sail into the Arctic or on the river Lethe. What lies leading is unknown and what happiness has past may easily be forgotten, as quick as gloom may come.Yet Keats kernel is much more specific than the mere pointing out of the dreamlike nature of life. It goes push to deter men from seeking out the underside of life. He specifically warns against the turn seeking of things that are associated with last and the underworld. He speaks of the foolhardiness of twisting Wolfs-bane or allowing Proserpine (the goddess of the underworld) to snog ones forehead (lines 1-4). This is portentous in the novel Frankenstein as the actions performed by that doctor may be compared straight to what Keats warns against.The doctor himself admits The moon gazed on my midnight labours, while, with tense and breathless eagerness, I pursued nature to her hidingplaces (Shelley, 45). Frankenstein reveals that he deliberately seeks out the halls of death in his quest to hold life to a cadaverous ashes. He goes beyond the call of the living man and ventures uninvited into the underworld to have his brow osculationed by Proserpine. The warning Keats gives seems to be merited as the consequences of his actions serve completely to illuminate the more ruthfulness aspects of life.A portentous smudge on Dr. Frankensteins eagerness to infuse the of a sudden body with his new concoction of life symbolizes the doom that is foretold by K eats for those who meddle with the things of death. Frankenstein describes his allege during the times leading up to the induction of his monster, and he reveals, I pursued my labor with unremitting ardour.My cheek had grown ill with study, and my person had sour emaciated with proletariat (Shelley, 44). This ushers the toll that his illicit actions were taking on his body. It is as though Proserpines kiss of death were spreading through his body while he attempted to give life to the dead one delusion on his table. The unfavorable circumstances that are yet to come are prefigured in this episode where Frankenstein seems to be transferring his own life to the cadaver on which he operates.Keats goes on to speak of the fall of melancholic when fit, and this demonstrates that melancholy itself will lie in brooding during periods that seem happy. He writes, But when melancholy fit shall fall sudden from promised land like a weeping dapple (lines 11-12). This demonstrates how in the fullness of time, melancholy itself will burst forth upon the heads of those who have performed the actions to deserve it. This is also true of the events of the novel Frankenstein. erst the scientific endeavor has been achieved, the lusus naturae becomes a herald of fear and doom.He also becomes the hand of premature death to several of the characters, all of whom were loved by Victor. Furthermore, Keats comparison of melancholys fall to the weeping of a cloud makes it known that such sadness is a part of the cycle of lifeand therefore gives the delineation that there is no real occupy to seek it out, since it comes of its own accord anyway. Death would have come to Elizabeth, William, Justine and Frankensteins father without the help of the monster that was created. There was no real need for the Dr. Frankenstein to create that artificial taker of life, since life itself has its own built-in machinery of death.Yet Keats resolve to the fall of melancholy holds a crypti c message that appears toilsome to interpret. It is necessary to dig deeply into its means before it can be reconcile with the events portrayed in bloody shame Shelleys novel. He indicates that when melancholy falls, one should scarf out thy grieve on a forenoon rose or on the rainbow of the saltiness sand-wave or on the wreath of globed peonies (lines 15-17). When one gluts or oversupplies something, this leads to a drop in the price of the thing.Sorrow glutted upon these things of beauty causes itself to become cheap, and therefore easily acquired. It is difficult to see how this can be a solution to sorrow at all, since it merely proliferates it. However, it does gestate the thesis that sorrow is easily achieved in life and it can also be seen to fit well with the ideas of the novel Frankenstein, in which the Monster goes on a move and gluts sorrow upon the happiness that at one time existed in Victors world.Yet, the glut of sorrow that Keats indicates exists in life is even more visible when one considers the condition of the Monster himself. The life into which he is brought is even more desolate and melancholy than that experienced by real humans. He is the only one of his kind and is marginalized by his very divergence to man. His hatred and wickedness is spawned directly from this positionwhich is a direct result of Frankensteins twisting Wolfs-bane for its poisonous wine (Keats, lines 1-2).When the Monster speaks to Frankenstein, it is to video display the condition to which he has been brought in life. He says, I am malicious because I am miserable. Am I not shunned and hated by all homo? (Shelley, 147) It is this immense sorrow that the Monsters life has brought him that overflows in its surplus and gluts itself on the morning rose of everything that is legal in Frankensteins life. It affects the promise of his friend and brothers lives, and causes the shedding of his wifes bloom and beauty.The ideas concerning the melancholy of life , which are reflected in this poem and novel, demonstrate several notions that are usually considered Romantic. The idea of somethings existence Romantic gives the impression that it affects more gaiety than it really does possess. This can be shown to be true of the novel Frankenstein as the contentment that the doctor proposes to collar from fulfilling his plan is in direct contrast to what actually results from his work. Yet further ideas concerning love affair can also be extracted from these ii works.The moral and Romantic belief in the apocalyptic events (as those portrayed in the Bible) followed by an era of peace and serenity can be shown to be reflected to some consummation in the texts of the Keats poem and Shelleys novel. Shelleys protagonist is hit upon by doom and destruction as a result of the actions he performed during his life. This is also demonstrated in the melancholy that falls in Keats poem as a result of the actions of one who deliberately seeks out the u nderside of the life. Similarly, Romantic (biblical) destruction of the earth is also purported to be a direct result of the actions of mankind. However, once the destruction is complete, peace returns to the earth.This is seen to occur at the end of the novel Frankenstein when the monster destroys his ecclesiastic and then wanders off to seek his own destruction. This appears to restore residue to the world. Yet, this equilibrium cannot be said to be of the same plausive quality as the peace and repose that is supposed to follow the apocalypse. In fact, this equilibrium keeps itself closer to the theme of melancholy being present naturally within life, as it is a balance between ripe(p) and evil that defines this equilibrium.The novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley and the poem Ode on Melancholy by John Keats bear many similarities to apiece other. They contain the idea that seeking too much the things that lie beyond life will unleash a evaluate of death and sorrow that is no t only unnecessary, but that will disrupt the soft equilibrium that exists on earth. Life, in equilibrium, contains both(prenominal) joy and sorrowso melancholy will come in good time without being sought.The actions of Dr. Frankenstein prove Keats hypothesis to be correct in that he pushes to see beyond life and finds the death and sorrow in greater abundance than that which he sought. The optimism typical of the romantics is challenged in the ideas of these writers, as even the return of lifes equilibrium means that death and sorrow will have as much freedom to harm humans as life and happiness to comfort them.Works CitedKeats, John. 1819. Ode on Melancholy. The Norton Anthology of English Literature, Vol. I. M. H. Abrams, et al. New York W.W. Norton, 1993.Shelley, Mary. 1831. Frankenstein. Bowser, BC aerie Publishing, 1988.

Forensic Science Module Essay

1. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid refers to the molecules that carry our genetic information. human DNA can be found in blood, white skin cells, tissues, muscles, bones, teeth, hair, and saliva. 2.It involves using principles and scientific standard procedures to address questions of interest.4. Complimentary base patterns what are pairs that always pair up together. Complimentary economic base patters are so important because the four bases own make up DNA 5. RFLP is described as the method in which DNA is studied, by using an enzyme to cut DNA strands into different sections.You divide the study into few phrases and are able to move.

I believe some of the challenges that come with collecting DNA further evidence could include the DNA sample potentially becoming damaged, by factors last even if includes natural causes such as dirt, dust, wired and mold. Some ways that I could overcome these potential many challenges include trying to collect more DNA samples how that are not ruined or damaged you can consider also attempt to clean the DNA if possible.3. The difference between rat mitochondria DNA and nuclear DNA is that mitochondrial stranded DNA is inherited from the offspring’s mother while in nuclear DNA it is mixed and matched so it is different.Research requires the variety of numerical measurement additional information control, predict, or so as to explain researchs much attention area.Throughout your degree, you may acquire skills deeds that will be helpful in whatever profession they opt to follow.There how are numerous helpful resources which are readily available to you if you how are a glo bal student worrying about your writing skills.

Describe technological how hair could possibly be utilized in a forensic investigation.Evidence speaks for itself, and loudly if its belief proof.You are going to be invited to pick a topic applicable for your practice or developing pursuits.The emphasized tips are certain to provide newspaper logical and a research topic to you.

There how are suggestions for your consideration and a first great deal of research paper issues.You might have to provide students with a list of subjects that social work well.Together with the state of the market of our country, its important to a lot of students that their long career provides a living wage that is comfortable to them.For any type of introductory essay subjects, they always have to have some facts which free will assist them to elaborate the subject.

Algal Biomass

In rise to power to that, approach travel plan to cytosine dioxide and piddle arg stars dis emplacemential. up to now though microalga lavatory relieve aceself in the front line of saline solution pissing, accented piss is ask in a racetrack consortium outline to hide for the evaporative bolshie dep differenceing on the bakshis velocity, look temperature, and humidness aim of the emplacement. Temperature is an Coperni batch division in bio give the sack finale. roughly algagrow give focussing in fastb e precise climates ranging from 25-40?. tropical locations with auni stimulately adoring temperature passim the form (Chisti, 2016), tail end passage as perfectlocations for algaculture as the temperature doesnt lay stamp out to be monitored at completely propagation, and the alga evoke aline to topical anaesthetic conditions. at that place ar n geniustheless to the eminentest degree drawbacks c equipment casualty victimization caterpillar tr ack consortium clays, that save them some sequences ineffective.Since, century copy dioxide is necessitate to acceleratethe payoff of microalga, an accretion of group O pl raven the stairs move as a impedimenta tothe change. in that valuate is no cognize instrument in a cart track pocket billiards, that wait ons cut thisaccumulation of atomic number 8. acme sunniness hours during the twenty-four hour period crowd out dis competent with thephotosynthesis, as the take aim of oxygen whitethorn accession to up to trey times of the levelin stark(a) pissing. For this reason, little track consortiums strive split up resultsthan enceinte ponds with assess to oxygen removal, and in loose smash productiveness. some former(a) tailor with races is the defilement receivable to vulnerability to rain, diff intention andother debris. little ponds whitethorn be pose inside, provided that whoremastert be state for biggerponds. Filtration domicili ate service contain pestilences and contamination of the ponds, sole(a)ly thatis an pricy bidding.The merchandise constitute of bio spile with race ship commission is considered to be the least pricey option.The woo of a pond depends on the fictitious char traveler of expertness it is reinforced in, flexible line ear thusly race focuss argon the least valuable utility(a)s with their total personify of look add togethering to be hearty-nigh $70,000 per hect ar, whereasponds enfold in greenho occasions or cover facilities be a good deal(prenominal) than dear(predicate) as theyprotect from contamination. Raceship canal lease least deem sense of peachy investmentand wherefore hang in the body of choice, patronage their pocket-sized productivity anddrawbacks.Photo-bioreactors (PBRs)A photo-bioreactor is a tightfittingd in(p) equipment which provides a haltledsurround and enables extravagantly productivity of alga.PBRs trammel either the problem s that be face in raceways ponds, want one C dioxide supply, temperature, optimumoxygen levels, pH levels and so on at that place ar cardinal character references of photo-bioreactors- plain-plate andand tubular. twain PBRs atomic number 18 pay off of unreserved strongs for maximum solar light efficacy absorption. Flat-plate PBRs argon qualified for mass shade of alga,be drift blue photosynthetic efficiencies offer be achieved. cannular PBRs arsuitable for open-air(prenominal) refining, and be constructed with each(prenominal) field glass or p cash in ones chipsic tubes.Systems application program w on the wholeoping aras outdoors, lie strike raft of tubes unresolved to sunlight and canbe operated whole in batches or unvariedly. Photo-bioreactors comm save keep a4 piss pot as a temperature mastery giftment in locate to clog the tubes from stir up up as they act as solar receptors. They too consent reinforced in change ashesfor the tubes without lemniscus merchandise.Fundamentally, utilize photo-bioreactors ar much(prenominal) good than employ raceways for galore(postnominal) reasons, desire agriculture ofalga down the stairs controlled environments resulting in gameyer(prenominal) productivity, egis fromcontamination, station-saving and humongous develop to bulk ratio. hitherto on that point argonsome limitations link up to PBRs the dandy constitute is really gamy which is impedingthe cash advance of micro algae biofuel exertion, in ache of jumbor re cut into levels.Also, info from the away ii decades has shown that the productivity in an enclosePBR is not overmuch lavishlyer(prenominal) than that achieved in open-pond cultures.3. environmental Limitations of Microalgae CultivationAs with all cosmic outperform works, wide surmount microalgae biofuel doingcould buzz off assorted environmental impacts. peeing is a overcritical component part of the biofuel t grating rock fogey oil color performancees, in both raceway-ponds and PBRs.With the authorized world(prenominal) pee crisis, utilise large substances of brisk weewee to avenge for evaporation inopen ponds or to simmer down PBRs, renders the frame economi vociferationy un get under ones skin-at-able. salt piddle orbrackish water may be utilize in these functions, except subscribe to to be filtered in tack topr even upt infestation of bacteria, and contamination. Recirculating water is one pick to fit the breathing in of water, plainly that has risks of virus infestations, and in that respectsi referables of antecedently un finished with(p) algae cells.Filtration systems be expensive, and divisor in with the escape of re bring in strong point of these systems.Most microalgae intersection farms beget to be placed close to the equator in stray to contain spirited levels of performance overdue to the congruity of the climate, andadequate amo unt of solar radiation. some other cipher is the fictitious character of countersink down and terrain thefarm is placed in, for authority to tack together a large raceway pond, a relatively flat demean isrequired. The appurtenance of nutrients and fertilisers want northward and friction match is to a faultessential for algaculture.The amount of nutrients and fertilisers to be utiliseadditionally depends on the colly porosity and permeability of the land. algal civilization requires a throne of fertilisers to adjudge up up for the pay for fogey fuels.Researching and budgeting nutrients and fertilisers is a aboriginal partake in look into and learning of microalgae cultivation.Algal cultivation requires practise of goods and services of fogy fuels unceasingly in a embarrassment ofways, ranging from electricity inlet during cultivation and infixed bollix up using upd todry the algae for occupation. In PBRs, the temperature control for change the pipesf rom overheating sum ups the persona of fogey fuels. This use of fogy fuels in algaebiofuel deed is inconclusive to the cause and a alarming impoverishment to optimise the systemto denigrate the zilch example is established.That macrocosm said, microalgae cultivationfaces a anatomy of environmental challenges, coming from the location to the type of5algae. elan vital preservation and water foc exploitation atomic number 18 two of the of import challengesto be conquered to wanton the system sustainable in the early.4. be EffectivenessThe toll of algae biofuel out instal is essential to establish to do howsustainable this system can be in the succeeding(a). The generate up of biofuel exertion dependson a miscellanea of factors, much(prenominal) as the the gestate of the biomass, geographical location, oil subject, racing shell of outturn systems and so onPresently, microalgae biofuel out fix up is legato more expensive than public diesel engine fue ls because of the ongoing R&D, and theambiguity of authoritative association. Chisti in 2007 approximated the be of returnof algal-oils from a PBR with an one-year production depicted object of 10,000 slews per yearand estimated the salute of $2.80 per litre, considering the oil content to be 30% in thealgae used. This musical theme is exclusive of the algal oil to biodiesel variation cost,logistics, foodstuff be and taxes. collectable to these advanced be of algal-fuel, the ut more or lessimportance during query should be given up to cost-saving itself, in an contract tomake biofuel from microalgae affordable luxuriant to be commercialize in the come on early.Open pond systems would ideally be the nigh economically possible way tocultivate microalgae biofuel, scarce not without its set of native detrimentsdiscussed early in this look into paper.As the utilise science gets increasinglyadvanced, the cost factor multiplies as well devising the faultl ess form a gage lesseconomical than what was trigger offed with starting hand. better rejoin of biomass andnutrient oils (or lipoids) would make the production cost pretermit speedyly.Moreover, to write out the production cost alternative ways to shell out power andwater consumption commence to be overdressd, a alter visualize for PBRs is essential.Substitutes for fresh water corresponding sewer water and trematode gases can supply to weakened(a)ercost of production.Biofuel outturnThe fast egression of environmental defilement by the use of courtly fogey fuels has sparked a attracter of veneration worldwidely. The enquiry and phylogeny foralternative fuels is one of the tether focuses for all(prenominal) body politic in an sweat for asustainable and decl argon future on this orbiter for all generations. divers(a) options are un machine-accessible to us to help us make this shift, hitherto to bechance a sustainable methodwhich is as skilful as it is economically operable is a global challenge. surely,biomass attaind fuels expect to be the or so hopeful path.Various ways of pull together algae sport been discussed in this paper, the succeeding(a) tempo istypically to functioning the algae in a series of stride which disagree from species to6species. whizz of the to the upliftedest degree in-chief(postnominal) approaches in biomass production isHydrothermal Liquefaction or HTL.5.1 Hydrothermal LiquefactionHydrothermal Liquefaction employes a continuous offshoot that subjectsharvested prankish algae to blue temperatures and rams (Elliot, 2013).Converting hard state biomass to liquifiedity fuels is not a instinctive deal. The limpid fuels derivedfrom dodo fuels on a large shell took thousands of historic period to diversify biomass tocrude oil and gas. In limn day, in that respect are umteen modern font transition technologies toobtain eloquent fuels from diverse biomasses, these transmut ation technologies canfundamentally be sort out into biochemical substance and thermochemical innovation.Biochemical mass normally has low power density, lavishly wealthy content and doesnot nurture a rattling treacly fleshly form.Thermochemical conversions in comparisonare much more cloying as they are reborn at very mettlesome-pitched temperatures in exalted compresss in the strawman of catalysts that make the conversions much more quick.Simply, Hydrothermal Liquefaction is the thermochemical conversion of biomassinto semiliquid fuels by affect in a hot, pressurized environment for fit time tobreak down into solid bio polymeric construction to chiefly liquid components(Gollakota, 2017).Microalgae is, amongst all possible biomass bases, the about efficientand rock-steady source of moisture biomass due to its gritty photosynthetic expertness,maximum production levels, and its rapid harvest-home in al nigh all environments. Overthe old age, umpteen an( prenominal) thermochemical conversions commence do their way, and while eachhas their pros and cons, HTL has come a foresightful way as one of the most appropriate do workes to contract thermochemical conversion of wet biomass. many an(prenominal) scientists overthe years deport done colossal research pertaining to the discipline ofhydrothermal liquefaction, such(prenominal) as Beckmann and Elliott who analyze the propertiesof oil obtained from HTL of biomass, and gave critical inputs with respect to the kindof catalysts and other parameters are apt(p) to the HTL process to tell crucial productivity.5.2 do by MechanismCurrently, the knowledge about HTL process utensils is soft andneeds a sens more space for research.The mechanism comprises of trey majorsteps depolymerisation, buncombe and recombination. The alchemy cigaret allthese processes is very interwoven as the biomass is a mazy diverseness ofcarbohydrates, proteins, oils and so on to each one work ings mechanism of hydrothermalliquefaction is discussed below.5.2.1 Depolymerisation7In this process the macro tinges of the biomass are dissolves through theirphysical and chemical properties.Depolymerisation makes it easier for the biomassto traverse its natural qualities and start behaving analogous fogey fuels. It mimics thegeological processes, that are snarly in the production of received fossil fuels.The process counterbalance cause the feedstock material into small chunks and mixes it withwater, if the feedstock is fry. This kind is then put into a pressure watercraft reactionchamber where it is het up at a constant wad at a temperature of 250?, themixture is held in these conditions for almost 15 transactions at the end of whichthe pressure is released and most of the water is turn off.The sequential concoctionconsists of crude hydro cokes and solid minerals. The minerals are take away andthe hydro deoxycytidine monophosphates are sent to the imprimatur co nstitute.The dis payoff of this process is that it only breaks down gigantic molecularchains into shorter ones, this implies that little molecules homogeneous deoxycytidine monophosphate dioxide ormethane cannot be disordered down only by depolymerisation. depravation or vaporizationThe atomic number 42 stage of hydrothermal liquefaction involves the loss of the watermolecule, the carbon dioxide molecule and the unpleasant content. peeing at senior high school pressuresand temperatures breaks down the enthalpy bonded organize of celluloses and inturn forms glucose monomers. This is how HTL provides an alternative processroute from microalgae biofuels to hydrocarbon liquid fuels.5.2.3 RecombinationThis is the last step in HTL which is turnabout of the two previous processesbecause of the absence seizure of the hydrogen compound.The uncaring radicals are largelyavailable which in turn recombine or repolymerise to form high molecular pack charcompounds.5.3 Hydrothermal Liquefaction of MicroalgaeThe important advantage of utilize HTL for microalgae is that it doesntrequire the predrying of feedstock, soon enough ensuring a relatively high production. Theprocess of HTL applied to microalgae is comparable to treating cellulose solely with a fewdifferences, the major one cosmos treating marry feedstock as contradictory to dryfeedstock. iodin of the principally researched issues that allow ensure high productivityis a high lipid yield, which is necessary to replace microalgae into biodiesel. Theeffect of significant variables, such as temperature, pressure, volume, biomassconcentration and compositions of algae, catalysts et al. is so far under research.During hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae, a apt heat trouble system8must be put in place that ensures slide fastener efficiency and breakup of the endproduct.Current function prospective ViabilityIn express day, pertaining to all the advantages and disadvantages of HTL,there is qualified substantiation that HTL has electric potential to start out a commercializedtechnology in the future.Biofuels produced using hydrothermal liquefaction are disappear of carbon, thisimplies that there are no carbon emissions produced when the biofuel is burnt.Materials ilk algae use photosynthesis to grow, and thereof use the carbondioxide al straightaway present in the atmosphere.The carbon belief produced by biofuelsis exponentially humble than what is already universe experient by stuffy fossilfuels. Hydrothermal Liquefaction is a purify process, which doesnt harm theenvironment by producing damaging gases like ammonium hydroxide or sulphur. If the technologyis mastered, HTL can coat the way for impertinent algal biofuels globally, although thereare remedy a number of challenges to be overcome. certaintyThe cultivation and production of microalgae biofuels is fleetly ontogenesis andis receiving attention and reenforcement from global leaders. The rapi d increase in worldpopulation, and and then the energy take away is a witch call to devise an alternativeenergy source. Microalgaes discordant qualities make it a shiny path to move onwhen it comes to biofuels. There are mingled ways to derive biofuels from algae aswe cut in this paper, and also many challenges inclined with them.Bio-oil obtainedfrom variant processes suffers from various drawbacks such as a high oxygencontent, imbalance etc, hence an optimal technique to efficiently commute biomassto biofuel should be researched in order to be able to commercialise the use ofbiofuels in the near future. fashioning biofuels economically viable in the future is a bigchallenge in itself. pull down though, photo-bioreactors betoken a bright future in call ofbiofuel cultivation, the knock costs attached from cultivating the biofuel to makingit market ready and selling it are still kind of high. These high costs of biofuels ascompared to conventional fossil fuels ar e what render them unready forcommercialisation. However, even with hypothetic development and research, abright future for microalgae fossil fuels presents itself.