We Must Stop Cloning Now! Essay -- Cloning Genetic Engineering Essays

We Must Stop Cloning Now Did you know it took 277 tries to finally create the first mammal clone, Dolly? The mental process of clone is not even close to being perfected to be used on animals or humans. It would also cause many different problems in the world if we did start cloning. We should stop this practice because it has to many flaws, it destroys individuality and uniqueness, will cause over population, and is against many religious and moral beliefs. Cloning started off with farmers cloning plants thousands of years ago in very simple ways, like cutting a plant and letting the roots combine to make another plant. former(a) farmers devised many different breeding techniques to reproduce plants with great traits like faster growth, lager seeds, and sweeter fruits. This is what led to the first clone of an animal.The process of animal cloning involves fetching an unfertilized egg, or oocyte, and swapping the nucleus the oocyte with a different quiescient n ucleus from another animal. The process of swapping is called Nucleus Transfer. Once the new nucl...

Comparing To Kill a Mockingbird with The Man Without a Face :: comparison compare contrast essays

"Fighting Fear and Tradition Michael Jordan cant single-handedly win a basketball game. WayneGretzky cant win hockey games by himself either. It takes a teameffort to be successful. That was exactly the case in Harper Lees ToKill a Mockingbird and The Man Without a Face. Even though the timeperiod of To Kill a Mockingbird (1930s) and The Man Without a Face(1960s) were vastly different, everyone needed help, no matter howdangerous. It is no easy task and takes a lot of courage, but it is notimpossible, it is achievable. Although Jem Finch and Charles Norstadtboth matured over time, Jem had no real goal except to be a betterall-around person, while Charles goal was to make it to the forcesschool. In Jems situation, he believed one of the steps to success wasto escort his little sister, Scout, back home. He did, but he paid asacrificial price. A complete surprise attack would have left Jemlifeless like a fish on dry land if Boo Radley, the outcast, had not saved Jems life. Jem even took the humiliation of apologizing afterdestroying the garden of Mrs. Dubose because of his lack of selfcontrol. Charles Norstadt matured a lot as well and was rewarded withentry to a top multitude school. He learned to accept the fact thatpeople were no longer supporting him. For example, when McLeod orderedCharles to dig a 3x3x3 hole, he refused to do it. He afterwards learned thatthis was his geometry lesson. Also, when Charles attempted to shortcutthrough his essay assignment, he was caught and acco rding to McLeod"a high class cheat now". Perhaps, Charles biggest maturity step washis ability to retard the person behind the burnt face of Justin McLeod.The news was biased, and McLeod would not answer, so he was forced totake facts from his personal experiences and interpret them "I didntteach you the solid summer so you could cheat on this question" yelledJustin McLeod. Even though both Jem and Charles fought againstsocietys perspective, they both blossomed admirably and were laterable to take a stand against a community with large prejudices.Despite the prejudices that both communities had, the community in ToKill a Mockingbird was racist towards Tom Robinson while the media portrayed the negative image of Justin McLeod in The Man Without aFace. Because of Tom Robinsons racial disadvantage in court, AtticusFinch became his lawyer. Atticus felt that everyone, including peopleof all colors, should be equal. " our courts are the great levelers,

Rivalry In A Separate Peace :: essays research papers

Every person feels rivalry or competition towards others at some point in their lives. This rivalry greatly affects our ability to guess others, and this eventually results in paranoia and hostility. It is a part of human nature, that race coldly drive ahead for their gain alone. Mans inhumanity towards man is a counseling for people to protect themselves from having pain inflicted on them by others, and achieving their goals and desires without the interference of others. This concept of mans inhumanity to man is developed in A Separate Peace as the main(a) conflict in the novel centres on the main character, gene, and his inner-battles with feelings of jealousy, paranoia, and inability to understand his relationship with his best friend Phineas. Competition is further demonstrated by the situation of World War II. It is shown that, "There were few relationships among us (the students) at Devon not based on rivalry." (p. 37) It is this rivalry and competition between the boys at Devon that ripped their friendships apart.In the untimely pages of the novel, Finny confesses that Gene is his best friend. This is considered a courageous act as the students at Devon rargonly show any emotion. And rather than coming back with similar affection, Gene holds back and says nothing. Gene simply cannot handle the fact that Finny is so compassionate, so athletic, so ingenuitive, so perfect. As he put it, "Phineas could get away with anything." (p. 18) In order to protect himself from accepting Finnys compassion and risking emotional suffering, Gene creates a silent rivalry with Finny, and convinced himself that Finny is deliberately attempting to ruin his schoolwork. Gene decides he and Finny are jealous of each other, and reduces their friendship to cold trickery and hostility. Gene becomes disgusted with himself after weeks of the silent rivalry. He finally discovers the truth, that Finny only wants the best for Gene, and had no vague evil intenti ons. This creates a conflict for Gene as he is not able to deal with Finnys purity and his own dark emotions. On this very daylight Finny wants to jump off of the tree branch into the Devon river at the same time as Gene, a "double jump" (p. 51), he says, as a way of bonding. It was this decision, caused by Finnys affection for Gene and outgoing ways that resulted in drastic change for the rest of his life.

Working With Survivors of Trauma Essay -- Post-traumatic stress disord

Bio-psychosocial AssessmentPresenting Issue Spartacus came to seek the help of a mental health specialist since he was experiencing a number of difficulties in his heart after his service at the U.S. Army. He felt different on his return to home and found it exceedingly tough to blend in into the family life-time as he did before going to serve in the army. The emotional attachment he had with his family members such as the wife and the son had disappeared. Spartacus not front to the son accordingly as a father should. Though he knew that this was not right, he could not bring himself to a solution and that is the reason why he sought specialized help. The problem had persisted for a while and Spartacus knew that the situation was getting worse. It was interfering with his day-to-day functioning. He wanted help so that he could revert back to his normal function just like in the period before living for the military. He could not sleep, he was constantly nervous, he felt less mot ivated and showed a general loss of appetite. Demographic InformationSpartacus is an African American male aged 25 days. He has served in the U.S. military for with multiple deployment to Iraq and Afghanistan. He had returned to his home in U.S having suffered many physical injuries during one of the combats. He was (and is still) married to Tamika and they have a son who is three years old. Current Living SituationSpartacus spent most of his time in solitude, away from the wife and son. He easily got irritated and found comfort in smoking cigarette. In his loneliness, Spartacus could spend many hours replaying the scenes from his combat experience. He always felt jumpy. Birth and Developmental HistoryHaving been born 25 years ago... ... utilizable evidence that helped in coming up with the right treatment for Spartacus. BibliographyChang, Y., & Hsiao, S. (2006). Quality of Life Scaling with Maslows Need Hierarchy. Gerontology, 52(6), 376-376.Hofmann, S. G. (2007). Enhancing expo sure-based therapy from a translational research perspective. manner Research and Therapy, 45(9), 1987-2001.Kennedy, J. E. (2007). Posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder-like symptoms and mild traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 44(7), 895-920.Resick, P. A., & Miller, M. W. (2009). Posttraumatic stress disorder Anxiety or traumatic stress disorder?. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22(5), 384-390.Taylor, S. (2004). Understanding and treating health anxiety A cognitive-behavioral approach. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 11(1), 112-123.

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave: The Ev

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave A Perspective on the Evils of Slavery The institution of slavery defies the very nature of humanity, truth, and intellect from both the slave and the slave owner. Throughout the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave the majestic relationship between ignorance and suppression is seen time and time again with every one of his owners. Douglass is fortunate in discovering the liberating power of knowledge of which his owners are trying so diligently to conceal. With this discovery comes a new conception of just how evil the institution of slavery is, causing Douglass to consider the pursuit of this powerful tool. To further refine his battle against ignorance, Douglasss pathway to enlightenment and ultimately freedom leads him to discover the galore(postnominal) other cruel methods that his suppressors use to break the essential and most important portion of humanity, the soul. The practice of turning people into slaves can almost be looked at as evil science that begins its manipulations on what humans are most well-known(prenominal) with from the start, physical suffering. Douglass speaks of this wee on and makes known that it is an ever-present tool used by his suppressors. Douglass was lucky not to be whipped very often by his early masters, but mentions that he, like many other young lave children, always suffered from the hunger and cold (Lauter 1773). Especially during his early years on Colonel Lloyds plantation, his narration recalls many accounts of whipping, killing, and torture that he observed and heard of on the plantation. Sadly, he begins to notice and even accept common traits possessed by his overseers. For example, one of... ...rkness (Lauter 1777). Interestingly, it is the innocent minds of children who are not totally corrupted by these ways of thinking yet, that help Douglass continue his goal to read. The heartless act and irresponsib le power of holding a slave is an evil practice that contradicts the natural good of a human soul. This Narrative gives one a new perspective on the evils of slavery and the imposing way it affects every one who is involved. The ignorance and physical abuse of the slave is the essential means by which this practice survived for too long. Douglass gives us proof of this in his experiences he endured in overcoming these obstacles and makes us aware of the power that knowledge holds, of both freedom and slavery. BibliographyLauter, Paul. The Heath Anthology of American Literature Ed III., Vol I, 1998 Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave: The Ev

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an Ameri displace Slave A Perspective on the Evils of Sla real The institution of slavery defies the very nature of humanity, truth, and intellect from both the slave and the slave owner. Throughout the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave the terrible relationship between ignorance and suppression is seen cartridge clip and time again with every one of his owners. Douglass is fortunate in discovering the liberating condition of knowledge of which his owners are trying so diligently to conceal. With this discovery comes a naked conception of just how evil the institution of slavery is, causing Douglass to consider the pursuit of this powerful tool. To further complicate his battle against ignorance, Douglasss pathway to enlightenment and in conclusion freedom leads him to discover the many another(prenominal) cruel methods that his suppressors use to break the essential and most important component of hu manity, the soul. The practice of turning people into slaves can almost be looked at as evil science that begins its manipulations on what humans are most familiar with from the start, somatogenetic suffering. Douglass speaks of this early on and makes know that it is an ever-present tool used by his suppressors. Douglass was lucky not to be whipped very often by his early masters, but mentions that he, like many other young lave children, always suffered from the hunger and cold (Lauter 1773). Especially during his early years on Colonel Lloyds plantation, his narration recalls many accounts of whipping, killing, and torture that he observed and comprehend of on the plantation. Sadly, he begins to notice and even accept common traits possessed by his overseers. For example, one of... ...rkness (Lauter 1777). Interestingly, it is the innocent minds of children who are not totally corrupted by these ways of thinking yet, that help Douglass continue his goal to read. The h eartless act and irresponsible power of holding a slave is an evil practice that contradicts the instinctive good of a human soul. This Narrative gives one a new perspective on the evils of slavery and the terrible way it affects every one who is involved. The ignorance and physical abuse of the slave is the essential means by which this practice survived for too long. Douglass gives us proof of this in his experiences he endured in overcoming these obstacles and makes us aware of the power that knowledge holds, of both freedom and slavery. BibliographyLauter, Paul. The Heath Anthology of American Literature Ed III., Vol I, 1998 Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.

Plains Indians

The destruction of the Plains Indians cultures connected with the technological developments and government actions in the coupled States. During the period of struggle between Indians and Whites in the late 19th century, Indian leaders often traveled east to plead their case before the federal government, with few results. The building of the transcontinental railroads and all their branches was an inevitable part of the Industrial Revolution that drove America following the Civil War.The Indians were repressed due to the railroad, which strike big money through their territory in the West, the declining population of the buffalo, wars, and the loss of their land to White settlement. The federal government tried to quiet the Indians protests by signing treaties with the chiefs of the tribes. However, the treaties failed because those who signed didnt necessarily represent groups of people in Indian culture, and in most cases, the Indians didnt recognize the authority chiefs outs ide of their own tribes. In the 1860s, the U. S. government make new efforts to relocate Indians into even smaller reservations than before.Indians were often promised that they wouldnt be bo in that respectd further if they would just move out of their ancestral lands, and often, Indian agents were decompose and sold off cheap food and products to their own fellow Indians. White men often ignored the treaties, though, and frequently scammed the Indians. In frustration, many Native American tribes attempted to fight back. After the Civil War, the U. S. Armys new mission became to move the Indians out of the West so the White settlers could move in. A couple of Indians and Whites battled between 1860s to 1890s in a series known as the Indian Wars. many an(prenominal) times though, the Indians were better equipped than the federal man sent to stop their revolts because arrows could be fired more rapidly than their rifles. However, the invention of the Colt . 45 revolver and Winchest er repeating rifle put the Indians at a disadvantage. During this period, there was much violence among the Indians and Whites. Generals Sherman, Sheridan, and Custer all battled Indians in battles such as Little Big Horn. The building of the railroads is connected with the settlement of the West and the beauty destruction of Indian cultures.The main food source for Plains Indians were the bison. In the early days, millions of bison populated the American prairie, and by the end of the Civil War, there were still 15 million buffalo. Many people killed buffalo for their meat and their skin but many people killed the bison for sport and just left the rest of the carcass to rot. However, it was the expansion of the railroad that unfeignedly started the bison massacre. railways enhanced the value of the land enormously, but made farmers dependent on railroads. The need for open land led them to kill off the bison for railroad land.Railroad construction led to further settlement of th e West, which in turn complicated conditions for the Indian tribes. The Plains Indians were driven out of their territory and into too small reservations. With the expansion of the railroad, down came their number one food source, the bison. Inventions such as the Winchester, led to the disadvantage of Indians during battles when protecting their land. The wars, overall, also affected the Indians. The government actions, building of the railroad and other inventions, contributed to the steady decline in the Plains Indians population.

Lords of Discipline Essay

A novel based on his own military experience at The Citadel, water tap Conroys The Lords of Discipline takes place at the South Carolina Military fetch (a fictitious military school). Like most military schools throughout the United States, The comprise prides itself on its ability to transform douche bags to whole men. The authoritative figures responsible for this transformation are the jail cell (upper classman), carriers of the ring (alumni), and General Durrell (the president of the add). kindred to the supremacist nature of the city of Charleston, The Institute also has an illustrious history of rejecting m on the whole. The honor of wearing the ring, the ring being a symbol of graduation, does non come diffused and for some does not come at all. Whether it is the dark skinned Pearce, the knickers pissing Bobby Bentley, or even Dante copper colornetti some cadets are simply not allowed to alum from the school. No matter how intelligent, strong, or determined some stu dents are forced to leave the institute in order to keep the reputation of the institute strong. depart McLean, an Irish Roman Catholic and the novels protagonist, did not belong at the institute. However, because of his status on the basketball team, ilk most other athletes, he was overlooked by the system allowing him to experience the institute with no real danger of expulsion. Will noticed, through his experience in the plebe system and oddness for Then disco biscuit, that this school was wrong. Will realized that the rules inside the Gates of Legrand were different from the rest of the United Sates.Will McLean along with his roommates, Mark and Pig, rebelled against the institute, disagreeing with its illegality and abuse of selected students. As in most military schools, a system is put in place, to insure desired results. For The Institute there is three stages to achieving the desired result of nice a whole man Plebe Year (freshman year), the cadre (upperclassman), and w earing the ring (graduating from the University). During a cadets plebe year at the institute their mind, body, and personality are all completely destroyed. The cadet is stripped of his ndividualism and is turned into clay ball for molding.The cadre, for the most part, is responsible for the initiation to the institute. They, being the upperclassman, are assign by the General to pick out the weak and unworthy and run them out of the institute. Whether, they give the unworthy individual extra thrashings, sweat parties, or ablaze abuse the cadre almost al looks succeeds in the removal of such selected subjects. However, as long as a cadet does not have any disgraceful qualities, such as crying, food allergies, dark skin tone, or limited bladder control, The Institute go out allow him to graduation.As long as one isolates the institute from the rest of the world, submit to all of its requests and necessities, and fight to protect its honor (even if that means divergence against on es own morals) he will graduate form the South Carolina Military Institute. Will McLean, tolerated submission to the institute, the physical effort, and everything else the institute asked. However, Will would not abandon his moral compass, by physically abusing and emotionally destroying 18-year-old boys and he says this at the end of his plebe year I Will not be like them. I will not be like them.I shall bear witness against them (Conroy 232) Although, the brutality of the cadre was more than formidable, the institute often faced a strong willed individual that they could not break. For example Bobby Bentley, the pants pissing extraordinaire, refused to leave the institute and when Pig asked him why said I had made up my mind that no one in the world was going to run me out of that school. I had made a vow to myself just like you guys must have done during the year sometime. (Conroy 407). Although Bobby Bentley was receiving the very worst that the cadre had to offer, he was neve r going to leave the school.With the pride of the Institute at stake and the reputation of the cadre on the line, the institute needed a guaranteed carrier bag from the unbreakable boy. The Ten designed by the institute in generations past, was designed to remove any problem student from the school no matter what. afterward Bentleys mysterious departure Willy says, according to legend, No one could survive the attention of The Ten (Conroy 192). This is where the institute crosses the line. As if the viciousness of the plebe system is not enough, The Ten breaks the law.The Ten is un-American and against the very foundations on which America was established. This is what makes Will rebel this is what made him betray The Institute. Will assembled a group of friends to scratch off his shortcomings. Will, lacking physical strength and Charleston status, selected two meatheads (Mark Santoro and Dante Pignetti) and a legacy at the school and the city of Charleston (Tradd St. Croix). Alt hough this seems like an irresponsible perverted management of selecting friends, this group of paisans had an inseparable bond.Subsequently, after Will was assigned to protect Pearce (the schools first African American student) his roommates became heavily involved. Although seemingly Will had everything under control, the involvement of The Ten, coerced his roommates to intercede. Throughout the final 200 pages of The Lords of Discipline, Will, Mark, and Pig step further and further outside of the boundaries of respectable cadet behavior. They kidnapping of Molligen, they witnessing The Ten torturing a student, and they were cookery to confront the General. These men were in way over their head.Although the system of this military institute is brutal, inappropriate, and even illegal it does, in fact, produce whole men. Honesty, honor, discipline, strength, loyalty, and jointure are all facets at the heart of The Institutes curriculum. These characteristics were instilled into t he hearts and minds of the paisans. These characteristics are what inspire Mark, Pig, and Will to fight The Institute. They knew that they were extremely outnumbered and even outwitted, but believed that their bond, their brotherhood could reserve anything.As Pig says after physically dismantling Cain Gilbreth The Ten We stick together like brothers and go on secret mission for her majesty. We have adventures and undischarged times. That was the most fun Ive ever had out there on the beach with you boys (Conroy 442). Ultimately, neither the paisans nor the South Carolina Military Institute won. Pearce, Will and Mark all graduated, much to the chagrin of The Institute and Pig died. Pigs death is a example of a consequence to rebellion. Although Pig, committed suicide, it was The Institute that killed him.By sack him from the school, The Institute destroyed Pigs goals, passion, marriage, and life. By having the characteristics of a whole man, Pig would have rather killed himself th an submit himself to dishonor. Although, Will had information, credible information, along with first hand sources, to ruin The institute he didnt. While speaking to Tradd, in regards to why he can no longer say Pigs name Will says I cant say it, I cant say it because the Institute is that strong within me. It is in me so deep Ill never get it out, Tradd. It is strong (Conroy 550).The South Carolina Military Institute was responsible for the death of Wills best friend, the dismay of himself, and the terrorization of many plebes before him, but Will still wanted to wear the ring. Will still wanted to graduate. Without a doubt, The South Carolina Military Institute was wrong. Their treatment of students were not only morally unacceptable, but illegal. Had the United States Government received information about Pearces torture or even the way plebes were treated General Durrell would have been imprisoned and The Institute dismantled.

Impact Statement Essay

NSTP was whizz big rollercoaster ride. Admittedly, I didnt like it entirely because It has a lot of requirements for a non-credited subject. It was fine with me going to our designated area and cleaning the place, notwithstanding it was non seem necessary for us to still subscribe to to submit certain papers/ documents and have this seminar sessions. Well that was what I initially felt.As I reflect on it, I realize that I did actually have fun in one way or another and I realized that NSTP served as an eye opener to us students, as we become aware of the things that sometimes we didnt light upon like having a family. I have learned the value of having a family who can provide their basic needs. Although we didnt really have any interactions with the children in the orphanage, just by seeing them I realized the blessings that I have right now, that Im indeed fortunate enough to have parents that withstand and provide my needs.My experience with this activity will be much cherish ed because this had taught me the importance of having a family. NSTP also taught me to give back to the community. I may not have the capability to effect one big change on society, but with one random act of kindness, society can slowly but surely change. For if one man performs an act of random kindness, and others follow, then the world will be on happier place to live in.

Resource File and Personal Theory Paper Essay

Resource FilePsychotherapy is a process that focuses on helping you heal and learn more adaptive ways to spot with the problems or issues within your life. It can also be a supportive process when going through a difficult period or on a lower floor increase stress such as starting a new career or going through a divorce. Generally psychotherapy is recommended when a individual is struggling with a life, work or relationship issue or a mental health concern and the issues or concerns are do the individual a great deal of pain or upset for longer than a few days or interfering with someone exponent to go through their normal day (Grohol, J., 2014). Behavioral theory is that personality is a result of the interaction between an individual and their environment. It is cerebrate on apparent and measurable behavior rather than mental or emotional behaviors.Cognitive is a form of psychotherapy that empathize the role that your thoughts or cognitions claim reservation you depressed , anxious or angry. This form of psychotherapy that we call cognitive therapy has been sh receive to be quite affective in helping reduce depression, anxiety, suicidal risk and married problems and has been helpful with patients who are on medications who are psychotic or have bipolar disorder. System theory is all about what it sounds like system and its the theory of systems which involves the study of their components and how their components interact and basically the dynamics of systems. System is a collection of objects where theirs objects bear change.A system can be quite large it doesnt have to be one particular thing. The idea behind systems theory is that its an all-encompassing general theory about all seems involving objects that undergo change. Multicultural is a type of psychotherapy thatsees all people as cultural beings, that all of our actions thoughts and feelings involve culture. Traditionally we might see culture as evolving ethnicity but it involves all sort s of factors like language, sexual orientation, disability, gender, age, class, education level, where you grew up, religion and other cultural dimensions.Personal TheoryAlfred Adler was born in 1870 in Austria and developed his own theory on Individual Psychology in 1912. Adlers theory is closely related to Humanistic Psychology. Influenced by Freud, Smuts and Vaihinger, Adler based his theory on the clients ability to live as a fully functioning adult in society. Adlers holistic theory views to each one person as unified. Adler discussed birth order personality traits. Adlers theory also discussed the roles therapists should take and the techniques that should be used in Individual Psychology therapy sessions. A major(ip) difference in Adlerian psychology compared to Freudian is the client is viewed as lacking courage, instead of being mentally ill in Freuds theory. Adlers belief, that a persons consciousness is the center of their personality differed from Freuds belief. (Wood, 2004).Adler agreed with Freud that gratification is a central need but Adler goes on to also connote that clients have needs for power, security, self-esteem, achievement and social welfare. Day (2008) emphasizes that people can decide how to state their needs, but may not be able to be in charge of their needs. Furthermore, Adler had different viewpoints regarding the theory of childrens inferiority compared to Freuds psychosexual theories (Wood, 2004). Adler also differed from Freud because Freud assigned fixed meanings to objects in dreams. Adler felt the meaning of each dream is special to the dreamer (Day, 2008). Adlerian therapists believe the style of life is developed by age six and remains constant throughout life. Adler claimed that because society and family require the style of life, the development of personality moves to an overall goal, instead of rather than passing through distinct stages (Day, 2008).Individual psychology is based on a increment model, therefore the belief is that everyone has the power to change, but sometimes people might lack the courage to do so. Alder believed that psychological problems are a unsuccessful person of courage to deal with lifes demands (Day, 2008). OperantConditioning was a theory developed by B.F Skinner. Skinner focused more on unforced behavior and how new behavior is acquired. He basically looked at what happened before a behavior and what happens after a behavior. The before the behavior he called the solution and the after behavior he called the consequence. Skinner authored was what happens before someone behaved in order to see if he could influence the behavior.Some elements of an antecedent could be cues and cues erect a stimulus just before a behavior is supposed to occur. Consequences occur after the behavior and can influence future behavior- Skinner focused on reinforcements which strengthen behavior and he broke it down to positive reinforcements. Another type of consequence could by p unishment that suppresses behavior, for example, getting detention for acting out. Skinner theory known as Operant conditioning shows that you could learn a voluntary behavior by strengthening or weakening each the antecedent or the consequence.ReferencesDay, S. X. (2008). Theory and design in counseling and psychotherapy 2nd ed. (pp. 174-202). Boston Houghton Mifflin Company. Grohol, John (2014). An Introduction to Psychotherapy. Professional Services. Wood, A. (2004). Alfred Adlers treatment as a form of brief therapy. The Journal of contemporary psychotherapy. 33 (4), 287-301.

Communication Skills Essay

1. SummaryIn summary, this report is based on the based on how the expertness of effective converse quite a little improve your writing, listening, conflict and anger management skills. It is seen that talk is the key to proper writing which is critical to tertiary education students as is required for the successful outcome of a certificate, degree and masters. Also, parley so-and-so be an influential force in effective listening, which is important for job interviews, group projects and talk in the work go into. Lastly, there is conflict and anger management which are problems that usually arrive due to the lack of adequate colloquy skills.2. Introduction2.1 chat confabulation is the exchange and period of time of in rowation and ideas from one person to an otherwise it involves a sender transmitting an idea, information, or feeling to a receiver. Effective intercourse occurs only if the receiver understands the demand information or idea that the sender intended to transmit. umpteen of the problems that occur in an organization are the either the direct result of people failing to communicate and/or processes, which leads to confusion and can cause good plans to fail (U.S. Army, 1983). The following are elements of communication (Pearson, 1983) 1.1.1 Communication ChannelsThis is the term given to the room in which we communicate. There are multiple communication transmit available to us today, for example face-to-face conversations, telephone calls, school text messages, email, the Internet (including social media much(prenominal) as Facebook and Twitter), radio and TV, pen letters, brochures and reports to name just a few. As a result choosing an hold communication canalize is vital for effective communication as each communication channel has different strengths and weaknesses. 1.1.2 Encoding MessagesAll messages must be encoded into a form that can be conveyed by thecommunication channel chosen for the message. We all do this eve ry day when transferring abstract thoughts into spoken words or a written form. However, other communication channels require different forms of encoding, e.g. text written for a report exit not work well if broadcast via a radio programme, and the short, abbreviated text utilize in text messages would be inappropriate if direct via a letter. Complex data may be best communicated using a chart or chart or other visualisation. Effective communicators encode their messages with their intended audience in nous as well as the communication channel. This involves an appropriate use of speech communication, conveying the information simply and clearly, anticipating and eliminating likely causes of confusion and interpret, and knowing the receivers experience in decoding other similar communications. Successful encoding of messages is a vital skill in effective communication.1.1.3 Decoding MessagesOnce received, the receivers need to rewrite the message, and successful decoding is also a vital skill. Individuals will decode and understand messages in different shipway based upon any Barriers to Communication which might be present, their experience and understanding of the context of the message, their mental state, and the time and place of receipt as well as some other potential factors. Understanding how the message will be decoded, and anticipating as many of the potential sources of misunderstanding as possible, is the art of a successful communicator.1.1.4 FeedbackReceivers of messages are likely to provide feedback on how they have understood the messages through both verbal and non-verbal reactions. Effective communicators should wear close attention to this feedback as it the only way to assess whether the message has been understood as intended, and it allows any confusion to be corrected. Bear in mind that the extent and form of feedback will vary according to the communication channel used for example feedback during a face-to-face or telephon e conversation will be immediate and direct, whilst feedback to messages conveyed via TV or radio will be indirect and may be delayed, or even conveyed through other media such as the Internet. Without the above elements it would be impossible tohave effective communication.2. Types of CommunicationPeople communicate with each other in a number of ways that depend upon the message and its context in which it is being sent. Choice of communication channel and your style of communicating also affect communication. So, there are varieties of types of communication. Types of communication based on the communication channels used are (Muhammad, 2012) Verbal CommunicationNonverbal Communication2.1 Verbal CommunicationVerbal communication refers to the form of communication in which message is transmitted verbally communication is done by word of mouth and a piece of writing. Objective of every communication is to have people understand what we are trying to convey. In verbal communicatio n remember the acronym KISS (keep it short and simple). When we talk to others, we assume that others understand what we are declareing because we know what we are saying. But this is not the case. Usually people bring their own attitude, perception, emotions and thoughts to the highest degree the topic and hence creates breastwork in delivering the castigate meaning. So in order to deliver the right message, you must put yourself on the other side of the table and think from your receivers arrest of view. Would he understand the message? How it would sound on the other side of the table?Verbal Communication is further divided intoOral Communication write Communication2.1.1 Oral CommunicationIn oral communication, Spoken words are used. It admits face-to-face conversations, speech, telephonic conversation, video, radio, television, voice over internet. In oral communication, communication is influence by pitch, volume, speed and clarity of speaking. Advantages of Oral communic ation areIt brings quick feedback.In a face-to-face conversation, by reading facial typeface and body language one can guess whether he/she should trust whats being said or not. Disadvantage of oral communicationIn face-to-face discussion, the user is unable to deeply think about what he is delivering as a result they may say the wrong thing.2.1.2 Written CommunicationIn written communication, written signs or symbols are used to communicate. A written message may be printed or hand written. In written communication message can be transmitted via email, letter, report, memo etc. Message, in written communication, is influenced by the vocabulary & grammar used, writing style, precision and clarity of the language used. Written Communication is most common form of communication being used in business. So, it is considered core among business skills. Memos, reports, bulletins, job descriptions, employee manuals, and electronic mail are the types of written communication used for inter nal communication. For communicating with external environment in writing, electronic mail, Internet Web sites, letters, proposals, telegrams, faxes, postcards, contracts, advertisements, brochures, and news releases are used. Advantages of written communication includeMessages can be edited and revised many times before it is actually sent. Written communication provides record for every message sent and can be saved for later study. A written message enables receiver to fully understand it and send appropriate feedback.Disadvantages of written communication includeUnlike oral communication, written communication doesnt bring instant feedback. It takes more time in composing a written message as compared to word-of-mouth. A number of people may struggle with their writing ability.2.2 Nonverbal CommunicationNonverbal communication is the sending or receiving of word slight messages. Wecan say that communication other than oral and written, such as gesture, body language, posture, to ne of voice or facial expressions, is called nonverbal communication. Nonverbal communication is all about the body language of speaker. Nonverbal communication helps receiver in reading the message received. Often, nonverbal signals reflect the situation more accurately than verbal messages. sometimes nonverbal results contradict verbal communication and hence affect the effectiveness of message. Nonverbal communication has the following three elements1. AppearanceSpeaker clothing, hairstyle, neatness, use of cosmetics contact room size, lighting, decorations, furnishings2. Body LanguageFacial expressions, gestures, postures3. SoundsVoice Tone, Volume, and Speech rate3. Barriers to CommunicationThere exist many barriers to communication and these may occur at any stage in the communication process. Barriers may lead to your message becoming distorted and you therefore risk wasting both time and/or money by causing confusion and misunderstanding. Effective communication involves ov ercoming these barriers and conveying a clear and concise message.3.1 Physical BarriersAn example of a physical barrier to communication is geographic distance between the sender and receiver(s). Communication is generally easier over shorter distances as more communication channels are available and little technology is required. Although modern technology often serves to reduce the impact of physical barriers, the advantages and disadvantages of each communication channel should be understood so that an appropriate channel can be used to overcome the physical barriers (Ting-Toomey and Chung, 2004).3.2 Psychological/ stimulated BarriersTo communicate effectively, according to McBride and Maitland (2001, p.117) you must clearly convey thoughts and emotions both verbally and nonverbally. Many times, stirred up barriers on your part or the part of the person you are speaking with may inhibit your ability to communicate on an effective level. Your emotional state may influence your c apacity to make yourself understood and hamper your understanding of others.3.3 Cultural BarriersCultures provide people with ways of thinkingways of seeing, harkening, and interpreting the world. Thus the same words can mean different things to people from different cultures, even when they talk the same language. When the languages are different, and translation has to be used to communicate, the potential for misunderstandings increases. Ting-Toomey and Chung (2004) describes three ways in which culture interferes with communication as 1. Cognitive Constraints These are the frames of reference or world views that provide a backcloth that all new information is compared to or inserted into. 2. Behaviour Constraints Each culture has its own rules about proper behaviour which affect verbal and nonverbal communication. 3. delirious Constraints Different cultures regulate the display of emotion differently. Some cultures get very emotional when they are debating an issue. Howeve r, this fails to take account of Linguistic Constraints that may be complex when communicating with someone from a different culture. The lack of knowledge about all barriers can hinder your attempt to communicate effectively.3. Effective audition3.1 ListeningIt is vital to keep an open mind while you are listening. If you have already judged a situation and come to an option you are likely to hear only those things which are consistent with your existing opinion. Focus on what the speaker is saying and how they are saying it. Failure to adhere to these rules it may make it hard-fought for you to communicate effectively and clearly understand what is expected of you, whether the requirements for an assignment or specifications for a module. Effective listening will becrucial to your success in writing for educational advance (Cameron, 2009).4. Conflict and Anger Management4.1 ConflictConflict is a lack of agreement between opinions and principles of needs, values and interests. C onflict can be internal (within oneself) or external (between two or more individuals). Conflict as a concept can help explain many aspects of social life such as social disagreement, conflict of interests, and fights between individuals, groups or organisations. In political terms, conflict can refer to wars, revolutions or other struggles, which may involve the use of force as in the term armed conflict (Myers, 2007). Conflict can be a major bank check for effective communication, but can be controlled through proper communication skills.4.2 Anger ManagementAnger is an emotion related to ones psychological interpretation of having been offended, wronged, or denied and a tendency to react through retaliation. Anger is a normal emotion that involves a strong uncomfortable and emotional solvent to a perceived provocation. The term anger management commonly refers to a system of psychological therapeutic techniques and exercises by which someone with excessive or boisterous anger a nd aggression can control or reduce the triggers, degrees, and effects of an angered emotional state (Centrec Care, 2002). Through networks that facilitates proper communication such as therapy or counselling one can learn how to proper deal with their anger which can be a barrier to effective communication.5. ConclusionIn conclusion, these are all ways by which communication can be helpful to an individual who is interesting in building their employability, writing and interpersonal skills. Communication is vital to everyday task and can be the deciding factor on its successful completion or failure. Effective communication is a skill that can be applied to a wide variety of other skills. Once used properly this is no limit to the new skills you can attain. 6. RecommendationsThe nominate of this report is to inform readers on the importance of having effective communication skills and how it can help improve your other skills such as listening, writing and conflict management. I r ecommend that reader try to implement each of the listed skills above through communication to help them advance in their goals. Whether it is to listen more and talk less or just being aware of your tone and body language when communicating to others. You may be surprised by the difference in response you may receive from others.4. References1. SkillsYouNeed, 2013. What is Communication? online Available at Accessed 9 December 2013.2. SkillsYouNeed, 2013. Barriers to Effective Communication. online Available at Accessed 9 December 2013.3. McBride, P. and Maitland, S., 2001. The EI Advantage Putting Emotional Intelligence into Practice. e-book Berkshire McGraw Hill Professional. Available at Google Books Accessed 30 November 2013.4. Ting-Toomey, S. and Chung. C. L., 2004. Understanding Intercultural Communication. e-book USA Oxford University Press. Available at Google Books Accessed 30 November 2013.5. Cameron, S., 2009. The Business Students Handbook Skills for carry and Employme nt. 5th ed. Essex Pearson Education Limited.6. Muhammad, A. B., 2012. Communication Process. online Available at Accessed 5 December 2013.7. U.S. Army, 1983. Military Leadership. FM 22-100. Washington U.S. Government Printing Office.8. Pearson, J., 1983. Interpersonal Communication. Illinois Scott, Foreman and Company.9. Myers, G. D., 2007. cordial Psychology. 9th ed. Berkshire McGraw Hill Professional.10. Centrec Care, 2002. Anger Management Counselling. online Available at Accessed 5 December 2013.

Looking Back and Forward

Comfortable animateness In my younger days I had some bonny malformed views near the world near me thanks to my parents, mostly my mother, simply as I fill grown up and am now an adult those views have changed immensely and make me a correct person. My name is in effect(p)ine Fir and I grew up in a decent sized town c bothed Fullerton, California. Let me drive a mood a second. I was born in Dallas, Texas, and raised by my adopted parents in Southern California from age 3 months until 18 years old. Fullerton was your standard definition of a town for citizenry who were of the upper middle class to the lower upper class income classifications.This paper is being written with the absorbed to describe to you how my upbringing at a very early age, my own secretly kept views, and later events in my adolescence has shaped me into who I am today. I am from a neighborhood of folks who are well off financially with decent sized houses and n meth cars. My parents, Marinate and Rob ert Fir, were very well off. He was a Cardiovascular Surgeon, and she Just left a high end nursing Job to raise me and my younger sister Mary. Being the oldest of the two, although not by very much, I got spoiled more and learned early on how to get what I trusted by checking my mouth shut and staying on moms erect side.My dad was one of the sweetest, most level headed guys one would want to know unless mom was just about and whence it was interchangeable a complete transformation into mortal unpleasant within minutes. My mom pretty was on the same level as the Rockefeller. Everything with her, from A-Z, had to be the very top of the line, brand labeled stuff. I pretty much grew up with a golden spoon in my mouth. Now one would think that this was the high feel and a dream come confessedly but let me tell you it was not all it was cracked up to be.I found out very early on that my moms way of showing get laid was through the all time American symbol we all cherish and asp ect called the Dollar. Here is a hundred dollars now get out of my deliver and I will give you $300 for any A on your report card and $250 for every B as long as you keep up good grades and do not tarnish our reputation, she would say. Then when I got the A I was told What, you couldnt get an A+? Dont get me wrong, I loved my mom, but she was the most hateful, snobbish person that hatful hated crossing paths with.If their friends or mine were not Caucasian, then they were bad people and she would make snide comments about them. So you can imagine how it sat with ere that my Dads partner, and owner of the medical practice, was from Honk Kong and wealthier than we were. Her intolerance did not stop at race alone but pronged out to people of different lifestyles or religions like the Gays or Muslims. The comments she would make like All gays should be put on an Island and blown up very made me uncomfortable in general especially since she did not care who heard her or where we w ere.This upbringing had me in a whirlwind. I was being taught that every person who was not white,catholic, and straight was an outcast but all the while struggling in my mind to fight this knowing that at age 9 1 was only interested romantically in guys. Needless to say this was something that I could not divulge to anyone until I was out of the house. My dad was nothing like this unless my mother was within ear shot. At first glance anyone would think this was a complete nightmare and all around bad situation but I will explain later why this was actually a blessing in disguise and made me who I am today.Erie Frontbencher alludes to the important people in our lives as being a part of our micro-system and I fully agree (Witt & Mossier, 2010). I bet you are wondering why I made that last comment about making me who I am today and also curious as to who among the most important people in my life behind then was the top one. Surprise, the top one was my mom Marinate. It was through the way she treated people and looked at the world that I say to myself on that point is no way, under any circumstances, that I will grow up being that snobby and that judgmental. I was determined to treat others equally and as I would want to be I can serve up people and make a difference. My dad was an amazing man. It was through watching him that I learned how to remain firm her. The simple answer to that was to ignore her or occasionally nod in agreement even though I was opposed to hat she had Just said or did. He also taught me that money was not everything and that treating people differently based on the size of their pocket books was wrong. I really looked up to him and cherished his input more than he probably will ever know.My neighbors truly helped me through this tough time as they were all real people well(p) being who they were naturally, not caring 100% what others thought or my mom. I was able to vent to them and relax my guard to them although still not on the fact that I was gay. Without them in my life I probably would have exploded. So you robbery saw in my outline that I listed the man at the ice rink as being an important influence in my life. I was between the ages of nine and twelve when my mom decided I should take up ice skating. She had always waived hi to this nice guy who drove the machine to clear and clean the ice.One day I decided to wave back. She fiercely started back at me and said I do not want that AIDS infested fagged coming over here. This both hurt and shocked me. When she was not around I would talk with him about his life and how he was doing. He confided in me about how he was in fact gay and had AIDS. He also told me how much Marinate dated him for that and could not understand why she did the phony waves and smiles. I looked up to him for having the courage to be himself and to not let the words or actions of others influence him.I was probably 15 when I last visited my grandma, Rose, in San Francisco w ith a friend of mine. We were there with my dad who was visiting his father in the hospital dying. Rose and I were discussing random things when out of the blue she said Love is love and rare to find. I was completely stunned and speechless at this comment. Not only had she then known he was more then a friend but was okay with t. It was at that moment that I knew once I made the ending to finally come out to my parents that I would never hide who I was meant to be. That people are people just trying to live the best life they can while on this earth.I read an article that goes along with what I have been writing about and it states that the foundation of who we are today is influenced by the people who have input of any kind in our life, I. E. Parents, caregivers, siblings, relatives, teachers, churches, sports teams, clubs, friends, employers, employees, work mates, and so on. How we choose to interpret hose experiences is unique to us (Essence Holistic, 2012). So as I kind of a lluded to in the above paragraphs, I am determined one day to be in a position where I can help people from all walks of like and let them know someone cares and is looking out for their best interests.That is why I am choosing to go into the social intuition major and then further that with a counseling degree. My goal is to assert groups and help people with HIVE/AIDS which is something I have since I was around 10 years old I have been dreaming of my prince charming sweeping me off my feet and growing old together while having many adventures ND building a life together. A lot of people are Jaded on this idea but I think this fairy history romance can and does exist. It is Just rare to find.Although I too am leery at this happening in this stage of my, I still hold onto that hope. I feel getting a stable career will further pave the way for this happening. In the end I Just want what most of us want and that is a stable place to lay our heads with a companion at our sides to s hare the good and bad times and Just be comfortable without too many stresses and worries. Looking back, due to my upbringing, I would never have dreamed that Id be an openly, proud gay man with friends of all ages and from all walks of life whom I value equally.It was because of those times and the struggles once I left home over the last 15 plus years that has land me here today realizing that a people oriented career is what I desire. I am looking forward to utilizing this knowledge and becoming an even better person driven to help others open their eyes. As mentioned above, I was exposed to many distorted views about society and the world around me due to the way my mother was. This was then of course furthered by my own realization of who I was. Although our support groups may throw off active vibes and may be self centered, it does not have to be a bad thing nor predetermine our own destiny.

K217 Ena

K217 EMA Report Gary Table of table of contents Page 1. Table of Contents Page 2. Introduction Page 3. Context Page 4. Discussion Page 8. Conclusions and Recommendations Page 9. References Introduction This is a track on Gary a 52 year old male service user who lives in spite of appearance the county of Conway. Due to a serious car accident some time agone he has wooly-minded the use of both his legs and he does non doing and relies on impairment benefits for his income, Gary lives alone and has some explosive charge deliverd by his missy and the rest by a support everyplaceworker.This cross has been commissioned by Gary with the suspensor of his support worker as he is interested in taking up some educate so he quite a little move towards get stand into the subscriber line market and becoming more(prenominal) independent. His daughter and son in law are apposed to the idea as they think Gary is getting on in years and she would not be able to attend the address to get Gary fudge for work before 9. 30 am as she needs to get her children to school.His daughter to a fault has reservations intimately the Garys ex-work familiar as he has a reputation of creation quite enquireing of his employees and pays only a basic wage. In this report we are going to look into in all told the options t wear are open to Gary as in see to it to him getting extra business organisation so that he is able to push towards his goal of retraining for work. The secern issues that we need to address as picture to Gary are keister we get him the extra premeditation that would halt him more independent and give him the mobility to let him attend further education and training to put him back in the work place.This report is being compi lead for loving Workers that are ground within the braggart(a) amicable Services within Conwy County Council. Context With Garys business office a number of significant events fill happened which hold in led to his authoritative bureau, he lost the use of his legs sometime ago and lives alone after getting divorce some 15 years ago. Gary is suffering from feeling and is taking medication for this, his daughter and son-in-law are relied on for most of his deal out and a support worker attends each day to give him a bath.Since the barrage of his feeling Gary has withdrawn from doing the activities that he used to enjoy and he is very much cutting himself stumble from the world. He enjoyed used to enjoy using his personal computer to research local and family history. The root of Garys line of work I believe is that he has become depressed over receivable to his isolation from the real world and with his current lack of care and mobility he is almost stuck in a rut and needs to be removed from this situation and given more self worth.Gary needs a more active place in auberge and the more help that he can be given the more he allow for look like he has a purpose in society, his family sacrifice reservations about the vogue of action that Gary wishes to ensue due to their limitations as regard to the time of day that his daughter can attend to get him ready and also the reputation of the old work friend that is offering him future employment.Adult Social Services have a number of goals for pot who are disable they include Maintaining independence, opportunities to contribute to the community, feeling valued, access to kindly contact and community, keeping active and alert (http//www. york. ac. uk/ instantaneous/spru/pubs/pdf/newvision. pdf) all these apply to Gary and Adult Social operate need to move forward with Gary to give him a greater quality of vitality and move him towards the goals hat he wish to persist at that place are a number of options that are available to them. in that location are a number of perspectives that could be considered when looking at the situation of Gary, we can look at through the eyes of the Social Model of Disability (K 217 Book2), Sigma (Goffman 1968) , empowerment (K217 Book 3). When looking at Garys situation I am applying the Social Model of disability which was created by disabled slew themselves.This was primarily created as a result of the response that society has given to disabled people and also a demonstration of the experience that disabled people have come across in the health and welfare ashes which as given them a feeling of being socially isolated and oppressed. The second perspective that I am going to apply to this report is empowerment, this gives the service user greater control of the services that they procure, being involved in the planning of services and developing good practice. (Barnes and Bowl, 2001) DiscussionIn the case study that this report is base upon Gary has been in a serious car accident that has deprived him of the use of his legs and this now means that he can only get most with the use of a wheelchair. This situation has had a knock on effect of him ha ve a low sense of self-worth and a lack of pride in his situation, he suffers from depression and is taking medication for this. Radar (the disability network) and Depression Alliance commissioned a report (http//www. depressionalliance. org/PDF/depression-disability-and-employment-report. df) that looked into depression as a disability and how we can improve the way we look at depression and the changes we can take a leak to help reduce job, long term economic inactivity and isolation. Of the 566 people who answered 95% were living with depression and a quarter (148) people had a long term physical health condition. 77% of the people reported that they had not received any support with employment. Gary is living with a vitrine of disability which is difficult, most disabled people are not depressed and do not baulk depressed.The prevalence of depression among disabled adults is twice that of healthy fourth-year adults (Beekman AT, 2002), the relationship among depression and d isability is a two way street with depression there being a link surrounded by physical disabilities and depressive symptoms in older adults (Gill TM,Kurland B 2003). There is clear evidence that Gary has on the onset of depression that can be linked to the impact of the loss of his legs in his car accident and with him now socially isolated and without employment these have now added to the problems over a period of time.In a report by Tania Burchardt called Enduring economic exclusion Disabled people,income and work the study found out that disabled people now make up a large and growing proportion of people who are of working age, it now stands between 12 and 16% (Enduring economic exclusion Page. 4) One telling statistic is the problems that disabled people have getting work, and that one third of those disabled people who find employment are out of work one time again the following year.In the report by Tania Burchardt the income statistics show that half of all disabled peop le have incomes below the general population indicator of poverty after it was factored in about the additional damage that disabled people incur due to their health. Gary wants to gain access to retraining so he can move towards gaining employment once again after he becomes qualified in the sector that he wishes, to do this he is going to need some extra help from the local Conway Council to get to his goals.Conway Adult Social Services have a number of options that they promote that whitethorn be of countenanceance to Gary, they already give him care to help him get bathed and his daughter and son-in-law take up the care duties in the morning. Conwy can provide Homecare that can help with a range of things such as help getting up, getting dressed, preparing meals, doing laundry and shopping where appropriate (http//www. conwy. gov. uk/upload/public/attachments/466/Microsoft_Word__CCO_Leaflet_eng. df) . Gary would need to be assessed as to the level of care that he would be enti tled to also considered as to the possibility of equipment or adaptions that could be made to the folk to help him live more independently and safely in his home. Though Gary is set on this course of action his daughter and son-in-law have reservations about his age and the amount of care that she could give her father due to her own family commitments.His daughters view point about his age and the fact that any new employer might demand to much from him is really being based on his disability and not solely based on is age (K217, Book 2). There should be no denial of opportunities or restriction of choice based on assumptions that are made due to his disability. Through the social model disability is understood as an un satisfactory relationship within society and there can be no barriers preventing people from gaining equal access to information, education and employment.There are options that perhaps he has not considered and with him feeling socially isolated due to living alon e and his lack of contact with the outside world. Conwy Council Adult Social Services promotes day care or opportunities to meet other people and take part in outings and other activities so Gary would be able to haver a much more active life that would could help with the depression he is suffering. (http//www. conwy. gov. uk/upload/public/attachments/466/Microsoft_Word__CCO_Leaflet_eng. pdf) The principles of good practice (http//www. nderstandingindividualneeds. com/page. php? identity=principles) state that you have to give Gary a choice about the way in which he wishes to move forward and also take into consideration his emotional needs. Social development is about gaining relationships with a variety of people and taking part in an ordinary life and currently Gary is unable to obtain these basic rights. Gregory Beattie talks about how a depressed individual has a lack of socialization and social support groups (Beattie, Gregory,S. 2005) Social Causes of Depression) and Gary ha s a lacking in both these things as he is unable to access them. If Gary was to obtain the extra help that he is going to need to obtain the goals that he has set himself a consultation with both himself and his family is going to be needed as to find as to realistic goals that can be set. There would be a negative impact on Gary should he set himself unobtainable goals that he then fails to obtain, this would be damaging to the situation.Statistics show that disabled people have a lower overall level of qualifications when compared to that of able bodied people (Employment of disabled people DoEE) 38% of disabled people have no qualifications compared to only 16% of non-disabled people. The report also conclude that of the 2,015 disabled people that were spoken to (26,000 households in total) 64% strongly agreed and 29% agreed that getting a job was important to them so the statistics show that it is important for disabled people to be in employment. 47% of the economically inact ive disabled people who see themselves as being able to work would like a paid job.When speaking about Garys visions of eventually going back into work his daughter has reservations incase he is taken ad cutting edgetage of by his employer and in the report one in hexad people (16%) who are economically active stated that they have experienced unfair treatment or discrimination in the work place. When looking at the overall statistics you can see that 42% report that that they have been discriminated by a potential employer and 41% by an employer, these figures speak volumes and during any assessment they will need to be devoteed to Gary so that he can see the real picture in the job market for disabled people.The option of Direct Payments is one that should be explored with Gary and when he is assessed for the amount of care that he needs the options should be wrangleed at length, orchestrate payments have both good and bad points and do not fit everyone. As count payments wil l mean Gary being responsible for a number of things it also might be advantageous to also consult with his daughter and son-in-law to see if they would be interested in perhaps helping Gary should he need it.Radar the disability network have produced a fact canvass that the family may find useful (http//www. radar. org. uk/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/6_directpayments. pdf) , the fact sheet points out how Gary would become and employer and all the responsibility that comes as well as all the paper work he will be required to keep. He will need to consider if he wishes to have the work load of sorting out all the pay, dismissal, redundancy just to name a few of the obligations that he would have to meet as an employer to a personal assistant.The other option open to Gary is to place the care that he requires in the hands of an procedure or self employed to take the burden of work away from himself and organise his care around his specific needs. Bringing Gary into the centre of this assessment into his care will empower him to participate (K217 Book 3) Jones and Meleis run along the concept of empowerment as a social cultivate of recognizing, promoting, and enhancing peoples abilities to meet their own needs,solve their own problems, and razz necessary resources to take control of their own lives (Jones PS, Meleis 1993).The empowering of Gary will start a process of helping him importune greater control over the factors that affect his health, in the past it was assumed that service users were supposed to be compliant with the directives that were in place from the health care professionals-the biomedical model. In the empowerment model there is a contact between Gary and the provider who take a joint responsibility in terms of agreed upon outcomes, people within the health care profession are obliged to respect Gary and assist him in making decisions.Multiple studies have shown that people that are more involved with the decisions about the care that the y receive and also the management of the conditions that they live have better outcomes than those who are not involved in the process (Wagner EH,Glasgow RE,Davis C, 2001) (Greenfield S, Kaplan SH,Ware JE Jr, 1988). Conclusions and Recommendations In this report we have been looking at the situation that Gary is currently experiencing, he is a disabled person who lost the use of his legs in a car accident some years ago and lives alone now after a divorce.He is looking at the possibility of getting some high education and hopes to move into employment in the information technology sector, it has already been stated that daughter and son-in-law have reservations about this course of action due doubts about the ex-work colleague of Garys that is offering him employment and the problems that this will present to her care giving situation.The report has looked at the links between depression, disability and joblessness and we have shown that there are links between these elements that are making Garys life move difficult but also you must take into consideration that fact that Gary is very socially isolated. The report then looked at the option of direct payments and how Garys care could be changed so he will have more control and power over his care and become the central focal point so he can move towards a more independent life and obtaining the goals that he is setting for himself.The report looked at all the pros and cons on the direct payment system and all the extra paperwork and responsibility that comes with employing someone and how records must be kept and these silver are public money have to be accounted for. My recommendations are the following, Gary should have his care plan reassessed by Conwy County council Adult social services with the remit of looking at the possibility of changing the level of care that Gary currently is getting and exploring the possibility of Direct Payments as an option.There should also be consultation with his daughter and son-in-law (with the applicable permissions) and have them present to discuss any and all options. Please present all options to Gary as regard to becoming a greater part of the community and providing information on the day care that you and provide and any opportunities to meet other people and take part in outings and other activities that your local sureness provides to people within the county.A list of approved providers in the local area should be presented to Gary and also discuss the various support networks that you have for carers and also the options of homecare that you provide including help with getting up,getting dressed, preparing meals and shopping etc. Gary may need the help from the benefits advice centre as regard to making sure he is getting all that he is entitled to and though outside your remit perhaps access to DLA to help with transportation needs. 2789 References http//www. ork. ac. uk/inst/spru/pubs/pdf/newvision. pdf accessed 31/05/2012 The Open University (2010) K217 Adult health,social care and wellbeing, Book 2, Milton Keynes, The Open University Goffman, E. (1968) Stigma Notes on the Management of blighted Identity, Harmondsworth, Penguin The Open University (2010) K217 Adult health,social care and wellbeing, Book 2, Milton Keynes, The Open University Barnes, M. and Bowl, R. (2001) Taking over the Asylum Empowerment and affable Health, Basingstoke, Palgrave.Meager N,Bates P,Dench S,Honey S,Williams M,(1998) Employment of Disabled PeopleAssessing the Extent of Participation, Research report RR69, Department of Education and Employment. http//www. depressionalliance. org/PDF/depression-disability-and-employment-report. pdf accessed 31/05/2012 Beekman AT, Penninx DJ,Deeg DJ, de Beurs E, Geerling SW, van Tilburg W (2002) The Impact of depression on the well-being,disability and use of service in older adult a longitudinal perspective, 10520-27 Department of Psychiatry, Vrije University Amsterdam.Gill TM,Kurland B (2003) T he burden of patterns of disability in activities of daily living among the community-living older persons, 5870-75, Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine,New Haven, Connecticut. http//www. jrf. org. uk/sites/files/jrf/1859353274. pdf (Enduring economic exclusion) accessed 01/06/2012 http//www. conwy. gov. uk/upload/public/attachments/466/Microsoft_Word__CCO_Leaflet_eng. pdf accessed 01/06/2012 http//www. understandingindividualneeds. com/page. php? identity=principles accessed 02/06/2012

How Does the Author, Robert Louis Stevenson, Present Good and Evil in his Novel ‘Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde’? Essay

The novel The Strange look of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was create verbally in the late 19th century (1886) by Robert Louis Stevenson who first began to con human facer en gineering only with the check of following his fathers footsteps. However, Stevenson who had not really wanted to study engineering, compromised with his father and decided to study law instead. Although he passed advocate he did not practise law as he had already decided to become a writer. Following his dream, he chose to go to France to be in the company of roughly early(a) artists, writers and painters.He later published volumes of writing which were regarded as some of his best. Immediately after Stevensons inland voyage in 1876 he met his future wife, Fanny who changed the rest of his life. He was twenty-five historic period of age and she was a thirty-six years old independent American new wo bit isolated from her economize with ii children. Two years later, Fanny decided to obtain a divorce from her h usband and Stevenson set for California in order to be with Fanny. This was where he wrote his sensational novels.The novel is set in the 19th century Victorian Era in the nocturnal streets of London when religion was more looked upon than science. However, the industrial revolution then increased the importance of science slowly pushing out religion. This novel travel into the genre of mystery and gothic horror. Gothic horror which often has nightmarish qualities and is usually based some the vileness side of human nature is a genre which generally uses fantastic settings far withdraw from reality in order to make an uncomfortable comment about society. The novel Frankenstein by bloody shame Shelly was an otherwise famous gothic horror which influenced Stevenson as both novels be about arrogant creators (Jekyll and Dr. Frankenstein) who be destroyed by their creations (Hyde and the monster). The genre of the book is also science fiction.As Stevenson was influenced by Sir Cha rles Robert Darwin, a British scientist who laid the modern foundation of the evolution surmise, he utilise quotes referring to animals which argon less evolved creatures than man. Moreover, Stevenson was influenced by Sigmund Freud whose theory stated that e veryone is make up of dickens or more conflicting personalities. During those clock horror books were very uncommon and whence, this book brought fear into the hearts of all those who read it. Many readers were surprised when Stevenson wrote this novel as there was a large contrast between Treasure Island, a story about quite a little on an adventure and The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, a Victorian gruesome gothic horror.The book reflected his two halves, the two contrasting sides of his soul, his Yin and Yang (Chinese symbol showing two sides of something good and reprehensible). The book is set on the duality of respectability, which is derived from Stevensons youth. The main themes of the book are the duali ty and conflict between good and perversive. When Stevenson was boyish he lived in the new part of Edinburgh with respectable, pious, middle-aged men. From time to time, however, R.L. Stevenson went to the filth of brothels and shadiness. His character and life reflect Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Jekyll world the regard figure while Hyde is the evil dirty side of him.Many people during the Victorian times believed in physiognomy (the use of facial features to judge somebodys character or temperament) and consequently Hyde would have been thought of as evil because of his air. Physiognomy was a pseudo science as we bed that ones appearance does not judge the character of that person. Charles Robert Darwin was becoming famous because of his theories of evolution and graphic selection. Like several scientists before him, Darwin believed all the life on earth evolved over millions of years from a few common ancestors. Stevenson who was influenced by Darwin uses galore(postnominal) de scriptions of his characters to animal behaviour. For example, he refers to Hydes anger with ape worry fury saying that Hyde is like a creature who has not fully evolved.There was a unbending hierarchical severalise system during those times. On the top of the hierarchy would be the eminent rich class such as Dr Jekyll, Dr Lanyon, Sir Danvers Carew and Mr Utterson. Money and occupation would determine ones status in the hierarchy. sink than the rich class would be the butler, Poole followed by the knife boy and the maid. Finally, the lowest class would be the prostitutes who exchange their dignity to earn a living.The story is about a respected, eminent scientist called Dr Jekyll who believes that the human soul is made of two opposite beings good and evil. He discovers a potion that can separate the two beings, allowing him to transform into the dark side of Mr Hyde, short, well built, and having a devilish appearance, and then back into his good, manner-some side. He is able to transform at will using the drug. Following Mr Hyde murdering Sir Danvers Carew, Jekyll decides to stop transforming into Mr Hyde as he now realises the danger being Mr Hyde causes. Eventually, Mr Hyde becomes stronger and kills Dr Jekyll. The lawyer, Mr Utterson investigates the fantastic situation. Finally, when Mr Hyde is about to be caught he commits suicide and the strange tale of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is unfolded to Mr Utterson.Dr Jekyll was a rich and respected man set forth as having some kindness in his body telling the reader he is good. He was religious and he had copy of pious work for which Jekyll had several times expressed great lever. He believed that he was still a gentleman as it was Hyde whom Jekyll described as pure evil. Dr Jekyll was described as a large man, a smooth-faced man of fifty and his moot is described as professional in shape and size, large, firm and white.Mr Hyde, the evil side of Dr Jekyll, is described as being deformed somewhere but many of the characters cannot specify the aspire of where the deformity is. This is why Hyde is quite so repulsive and as physiognomy was strongly believed in, for Hydes appearance to be so repulsive he must have been evil. As the people do not cognize how to describe the evil which is seen in Hyde they describe it as a deformity. He is also described as hardly human and like Satan showing the extent of his evil appearance. Hyde was dwarfish, young and his hand was lean, corded and knuckly. Jekyll and Hyde are opposites showing evil and good in their appearances and personalities.Mr Utterson, a trustworthy and respected lawyer is described as backward in sentiment. The author tells us of his rationality and how he keeps his emotions to himself. Robert Louis Stevenson also mentions a catholicity of good nature and his dual personality. When he was alone he drank gin which was illegal according to Victorian laws but as for Mr Utterson, not only did he like gin but he also drank to morti fy a taste for vintages. He is respectable but he sins. Little is known about him throughout the novel but the reader trusts him. His full name Gabriel canful Utterson is symbolic of the Christian faith as two of his names are characters from the bible which also helps us as readers to have trust in him.Dr Lanyon, also a well respected man, is considered hearty and therefore we know he is a good person. There is nothing secretive about him as we know that he was a close friend of Jekyll and that he knew of Jekylls experiments which caused him to think of Jekyll as the devil.Sir Danvers Carew was a Member of Parliament and greatly respected. He was given the honour of knighthood showing his respectful position in society. It was monstrous of Hyde to kill a gentle man for no apparent reason.Good and evil are presented in ways other than through the characters. Jekylls house has two contradicting sides, one well hold and the other neglected. The well maintained side of the house is w ell kept and is the only part visitors see, whereas the other more secretive side where guests are not allowed to enter is dirty and neglected. The ill maintained side that contains Dr Jekylls laboratory is where Jekyll created the magic potion splitting the good and evil of his soul.Hydes dialogue is one of the many devices which helps to show the reader Mr Hydes evil nature. His speech and manner is different from that of a gentleman. Talking in short sentences, being rude, never speaking in a normal tone by all mumbling or by raising his voice portrays his foul character.Another device used by Stevenson to highlight the intensity of the following chapter of the novel is the weather and setting. When it is a fine day, nothing evil shall progress whereas when the weather is bad, it is anticipated that something evil is imminent. Before the murder of Sir Danvers Carew the weather was described as a shock rolled over the city in the small hours. The weather turns grim just before a disaster strikes. This is repeated throughout the novel and it is used to camouflage Hyde adding tension and mystery. The settings are again a contradiction Dr Jekyll lived around Regents Park, an extremely wealthy place and Hyde lived in Soho, the poorer part of London, an area full of prostitutes.The two ingresss of Jekyll and Hyde are also opposites which are used to describe the rich and poor class structure. The front door was said to be clean, expensive, new looking and well maintained which is likely to have been used by family, friends and other guests. However, the back door was said to be poorly kept, run down and dirty and was used by the workers, highlighting the class difference.The technique of using multiple tellers is used in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. They are used in order to suspend the reader in a state of uncertainty. Stevenson sets out the information which is available in a puzzling detective case providing separate narrators perspectives w ith the use of level techniques such as testimonies and letters which are written by well-respected people that have little boilers suit understanding of the case themselves.By using different accounts of the same case Stevenson delays the understanding of the reader thence serving suspense and realism projecting into the readers imagination into the fiction which is experienced by the characters. The purpose of chapters nine and ten are to reveal to the truth to the reader and to end the suspense. Dr Jekyll is the final narrator and is also the one who reveals to the reader and to Mr Utterson that Mr Hyde and Dr Jekyll are the two sides of the same soul.The reaction of the unsuspecting Victorian would be devastating as during those times, horrors were so rare that this book would have brought fear to everyone who read it. I feeling that the idea of people being good and evil is true but the actions people choose are what make up the overall character of that person.Jekyll resor ts to drugs to satisfy his desires. This book is relevant in society immediately as people resort to alcohol, drugs, crime, and other evil things for pleasure and relief from aspects of their life. They are then mortified but do not have the will power to stop or know of no other way in which to live their lives.Good and evil are well represented in The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Using the good and evil of the same person was an extraordinary idea by Stevenson. He manipulated the ideas of Freud and Darwin to create an exhilarating novel.Dr Jekyll does try to do the right thing at the end. Stopping the ingestion of the potion which changed him to Mr Hyde was a start in ending the disaster he had caused by unleashing Mr Hyde. In order to allay his conscience, he donated a lot to charity even though nothing could change the fact that his other form had killed Sir Danvers Carew. Finally, the evil overcame the good which was what made the Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde a gruesome, gothic Victorian horror.

Impacts of mobile phone Essay

Mobile phones being one of the most successful inventions of the twentieth century has bugger off a necessity in to daytimes world as the world is living in an electronic age where it has given birth to globalisation. The latest mobile phones consist of different functions such as surfing the internet or playing music , it is still mainly practice sessiond as a form of communication which can be apply anywhere at anytime. This is due to the fact that it has a unique networked system which needs no wiring , fixation or both(prenominal)eration. As our in advance(p) day society , the constant use of mobile phones have brought us a point where it is almost impractical for us to imagine our day-to-day life without it.Our society is oblivious to how much we depend on the use of mobile phones but we only realise that we need it in all spheres of our lives . It plays an important role in our lives especially around people we love especially our family . As a form of communication , it has brought us closer to our family in certain ways but yet it has also cause a recess in family relationships. This essay will elaborate much on the how a mobile phone has both positive as well as a disconfirming impacts in the relationship of a family.This modern gadget has done a massive impact on our relationships, especially family life. It has facilitate communication and tending us keep in touch with our family even when non being physically together. In access to that , it has allowed frequent and spontaneous communication between family members which causes an increase in peoples capacity to confine emotional intimacy among themselves. Not only that , parents are able to know how their kid is doing if theyre poring over abroad. At least they would have a peace of mind knowing that their child is safe and that their child is just a quick phone call away from them. They can also feel better knowing that their child can either contact them or the authorities in cases of emergency.Read moreEssay About Negative Effects of Smartphones on YouthHowever , when mobile phones are used excessively ,it will limit the time a person interacts with their family members physically as they tend to flummox oblivious of the surrounding especially people around them. This is due to being fixated on constantly checking for textual matter messages , emails and chats as well as playing games and music. When these family interaction become limited , the family members tend to forget the richness of communicating with one a nonher causing them to lose personal contact and listening skills which is essential in building a strong relationship with one another. In addition , parents complain about their children not answering their mobile phones. This causes the parent to feel frustrated and will eventually lose trust towards their child.To snapper up, it will increase distress and cause a steep decrease in family satisfaction. In end point , mobile phones have its own positive impact as a strong communication whirl which makes family interaction between one another easier especially when family members are far away from distributively other. solely if we wary and slither into dependency on communicating with our family using a mobile phone , past in the future, people will lose their ability to have a conversation and how they interact with each family member. This will open up a Pandoras box , with time , it gets worse resulting in conflicts not resolved and non of the family members know much about each other. Since mobile phones have both positive and negative impacts we have to figure out ways of how mobile phones can enhance humanity and not take down it.

Core Mountain Man Brewing Company Bringing the Brand

midpoint Marketing Mountain humans Brewing Company Bringing the Brand to Light 1. Overview Mountain Man Brewing Company (MMBC, or the Client) is a family-run business in western Virginia that has experienced much step-up since establish its flagship premium beer Mountain Man Lager (MMB) in 1925. Over the decades, fault loyalty, quality and brand awareness have been the cornerstones of the Clients success the importance of the MMBC brand among consumers has allowed the company to build its dwarfish but consistent market share in the East Central region (ECR), particularly in its home state, the only region it distributes in (7. % of the market with much than 50 million USD in revenue). 2. Challenges & Opportunities * Challenges MMBC presently faces a potentially identity-changing challenge The traditional premium beer market has been declining at a compound yearbook mark of 4%, and MMB experienced a 2% minify in revenue last year, the beginning(a) drop in its entire hist ory accordingly, MMBCs place aim is to recover from the 2% go down in revenue that occurred in the prior year. * OpportunitiesThe light beer market popular with younger drinkers has also been increase at a CAGR of 4%. Although MMBC has been historically weak in the 35-years-and-under segment, there is opportunity to generate more than sales by releasing a tonic Mountain Man Light Beer (MML) line to target this younger market. However, there is the risk of negatively impacting their current distribution of MMB through shelf-space fecal matternibalization and higher costs as well as the risk of alienating their core segment of older, blue-collar drinkers. . Analysis MMBC faces potentially losing more revenue at the current forecasted compound annual come down rate of 2% the projected decrease for MMB standalone in year-to-year net revenue from actual 520,000 position sold in 2005 (USD 50. 4 m) to 470,039 barrels (approximately USD 45. 6 m) by 2010 totals nearly 10% (see bu tt 1). According to the key age demographics among beer drinkers, MMBs customer segmentation is currently as follows 64% for 45 years and up, and only 17% for 35 years and under.Yet the ECR partitioning for consumption by beer type is the opposite 50. 4% for light and only 19. 7% for premium. Due to the sweep over potential in the light beer market, we have prepared projections on growth in revenues and expenses for MMBC should they decide to give notice forward with brewing Mountain Man Light (see demo 2A, 2B). * Making Mountain Man hoy (and More Profitable) Considerations have been made regarding MMB remaining as a stand-alone product (again, see Exhibit 1).However, per the Clients instructions, this report will focus on projected performance examining MMBCs submission into the light beer market at their evaluate MMB reduction rate of 20%. According to our analysis, MML would still direct in a significant increase in revenue within two years With the new product mix, net income margin increases from an insignificant 0. 88% in MMLs first year to a robust 3. 7% by its second year (2007), even with considerations on the extra expenses that would go into launching a new product manufacturing, advertising, general operating (see Exhibit 2A). Additionally, the projected MMB+MML sales volume afterward only two years would nearly match MMBCs current volume level 500,895 barrels to 520,000 and would eventually overtake the 2005 figure in 2008 duration standalone figures show a continuous decrease from the 2005 bench mark and eventually fall behind MML sales by 2011 (Exhibit 3). * Issues to Consider The forecast for MMB +MML sales are promising.However, JAFREM must(prenominal) note significant issues to consider with the presented data 1) Due to limited sales volume for the first sextet years, impact on COGS has not been taken into consideration should the current production capacity levels be exceeded, additional inputs regarding CAPEX (for example, for new plants) will be necessary. 2) With the forecasted MML growth rate, the Clients market share in the ERC amounts to 1. 5% after five years MMB has not achieved this level after more than 50 years in the business and so considerations on the MMB reduction rate have also been provided (Exhibit 2B). 4. RecommendationsLight beer is an attractive proposition for MMBC, especially with the decrease in the premium beer segment. Accordingly, ignoring the dynamic growth in the light segment is simply too much of an opportunity to let pass. In order to reduce the risks that come with launching MML (alienating core customers, promoting a failed product), we recommends the following measures * To avoid losing brand equity at the consumer level for MMB, pilot the MML launch outside West Virginia, as this is MMBCs strongest and most loyal market should the testing prove successful, then consideration can be made on moving into West Virginia. Should the MML growth forecast not be cognize af ter two years, return focus to MMB distribution at a national level while advertising and sales at the grass roots level has been good for MMBC, there has been no plan of attack to reach a larger marketing through the traditional channel of television media. * Despite the expected decrease in the premium beer market, MMB still has potential to capture more market share by expanding its advertising activities and consumer base outside the ERC. Exhibit 1 Lager Standalone Projections MMB Standalone (next five years) 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 puts 520,000 509,600 499,408 489,420 479,631 470,039 Price per Barrel $97. 00 $97. 00 $97. 00 $97. 00 $97. 00 $97. 00 brighten Revenue 50,440,000 49,431,200 48,442,576 47,473,724 46,524,250 45,593,765 COGS 34,803,600 34,107,528 33,425,377 32,756,870 32,101,732 31,459,698 Gross Margin 15,636,400 15,323,672 15,017,199 14,716,855 14,422,517 14,134,067 SG&A 9,583,600 9,583,600 9,583,600 9,583,600 9,583,600 9,583,600 Other Op. Exp. 1,412,320 1, 412,320 1,412,320 1,412,320 1,412,320 1,412,320 Operating Margin 4,640,480 4,327,752 4,021,279 3,720,935 3,426,597 3,138,147 Other Income 151,320 151,320 151,320 151,320 151,320 151,320 Net Income before Tax 4,791,800 4,479,072 4,172,599 3,872,255 3,577,917 3,289,467 Prov. Income Tax 1,677,130 1,567,675 1,460,409 1,355,289 1,252,271 1,151,314 Net Income after(prenominal) Tax 3,114,670 2,911,397 2,712,189 2,516,965 2,325,646 2,138,154 Net Present Value 3,114,670 2,599,461 2,162,141 1,791,526 1,477,990 1,213,246Exhibit 2A MMB + MML Projections 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 MML Barrels 0 48735 101369 158136 219282 285066 355763 MMB Barrels 520000 407680 399526 391536 383705 376031 368510 produce% -12% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% Price per Barrel $97 $97 $97 $97 $97 $97 $97 Net Revenue 50440000 44272273 48586872 53318166 58489738 64126451 70254508 COGS 34803600 30776437 34000363 37531192 41386351 45584213 50144138 COGS/Revenue 69. 00% 69. 52% 69. 98% 70. 39% 70. 6% 71. 08% 71. 37% Gro ss Margin 15636400 13495837 14586509 15786974 17103387 18542239 20110370 SG&A 9583600 11233600 10483600 10483600 10483600 10483600 10483600 Other Op. Expenses2 1412320 1412320 1412320 1412320 1412320 1412320 1412320 MML, superfluous Ad Expenses 0 400000 400000 400000 400000 400000 400000 Op. Expenses 10995920 13045920 12295920 12295920 12295920 12295920 12295920 % 18. 64% -5. 75% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% 0. 00% Op.Profit 4640480 449917 2290589 3491054 4807467 6246319 7814450 Op. Margin -90. 30% 409. 11% 52. 41% 37. 71% 29. 93% 25. 10% Other Income 151320 151320 151320 151320 151320 151320 151320 Net Income before Tax 4791800 601237 2441909 3642374 4958787 6397639 7965770 Prov. Income Tax 1677130 210433 854668 1274831 1735575 2239173 2788019 Net Income After Tax 3114670 390804 1587241 2367543 3223212 4158465 5177750 Net Income Margin 6. 18% 0. 88% 3. 27% 4. 44% 5. 51% 6. 48% 7. 7% NPV 3114670 348932 1265339 1685one hundred seventy 2048409 2359625 2623209 Exhibit 2B Inputs & Stress Te st Results Inputs Stress scenario MMB, Avg. Market Share Growth 0. 25% Year MML, Avg. Market Share Growth Reduction Rate MMB, Var. Cost per Barrel 66. 93 2006 0. 04% 30. 19% MML, Var. Cost per Barrel 4. 69 2010 0. 28% 17. 28% Reduction Rate 20% 2011 0. 23% 21. 80% Discount Rate 12% MMB, Growth Rate -2% Price per Barrel $97 MMB, Extra Ad Expenses $0 MML Growth Rate 2% MML, SG&A in 2006 $900,000 MML, SG&A Extra show $750,000 Exhibit 3 MMB (stand alone) vs. MMB + MML 1 . Forecast prepared according to the 2% compound annual decrease rate provided by the Client 2 . SG&A and Other Operating Expenses are quantity freelancer in the consider range of production. 3 . The Stress Scenarios included in this Exhibit denote the level best reduction rate possible in order to achieve the target market growth sought after by the Client should they move ahead with MML in order to remain profitable, these are the reduction rate ceilings.